Fast charging capability is considered a critical factor for the widespread adoption of electric vehicles. High charging currents can, however, severely affect battery health due to the danger of metallic lithium deposition on the anode and consequent degradation reactions. The charging speed should therefore be limited with respect to battery temperature, state of charge, and cell design, governing the onset point of lithium plating. Electrochemical models are a suitable tool providing continuous estimates of the anode potential as the main lithium plating indicator while covering a wide operational range. In this article, we present a novel charging control scheme based on a real-time capable simulation framework with adjustable model resolution. A profound investigation of error sources and modeling uncertainties motivates online state corrections towards a lower bound of the anode potential, which are realized by selective adjustments of the lithium distribution within electrode particles based on the full cell voltage error. Simulations of controlled and conventional CC charging profiles indicate the importance of continuously adapting the charging power for different operating conditions. Further, simulated state and parameter distortions as they might result from initialization and parameterization errors show that our estimation strategy can mitigate the risk of unsafe control operations.

快速充电能力被认为是电动汽车广泛采用的关键因素。但是，由于金属锂在阳极上沉积的危险以及随之而来的降解反应，高充电电流会严重影响电池的健康。因此，应根据电池温度，充电状态和电池设计限制充电速度，以控制锂电镀的起始点。电化学模型是一种合适的工具，可提供连续的阳极电位估计值作为主要的锂电镀指示剂，同时涵盖广泛的操作范围。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于实时能力且模型分辨率可调的仿真框架的新型充电控制方案。对误差源和模型不确定性的深入研究促使在线状态校正朝着阳极电位的下限移动，这是通过基于整个电池电压误差对电极颗粒中锂分布的选择性调整来实现的。受控和常规CC充电曲线的仿真表明，不断调整充电功率以适应不同工作条件的重要性。此外，可能由于初始化和参数设置错误导致的模拟状态和参数失真表明，我们的估算策略可以减轻控制操作不安全的风险。受控和常规CC充电曲线的仿真表明，不断调整充电功率以适应不同工作条件的重要性。此外，可能由于初始化和参数设置错误导致的模拟状态和参数失真表明，我们的估算策略可以减轻控制操作不安全的风险。受控和常规CC充电曲线的仿真表明，不断调整充电功率以适应不同工作条件的重要性。此外，可能由于初始化和参数设置错误导致的模拟状态和参数失真表明，我们的估算策略可以减轻控制操作不安全的风险。