Dicationic ionic liquids are an emerging group of Ionic Liquids (ILs) that are currently receiving much attention as green reaction media and catalysts. Because of a great number of possible combinations of cations and anions, the physical and chemical properties of dicationic ionic liquids are more tunable and broader than monocationic ILs. Therefore, their unique properties have made them the target of many applied and fundamental researches. Actually, dicationic ionic liquids are more effective and rather fascinating than traditional monocationic ILs. So, due to greater versatility and diversity, their applications in organic synthesis have been extensively grown. In this review, we have focused on the synthesis, characterization and applications of dicationic ionic liquids, especially, in organic synthesis.

阳离子阳离子液体是新兴的离子液体（IL）组，目前正作为绿色反应介质和催化剂而引起广泛关注。由于阳离子和阴离子的大量可能组合，所以与单阳离子ILs相比，阳离子型离子液体的物理和化学性质更易调节和更广泛。因此，它们的独特性质使其成为许多应用和基础研究的目标。实际上，离子型离子液体比传统的单阳离子离子液体更有效，更引人入胜。因此，由于更大的通用性和多样性，它们在有机合成中的应用得到了广泛的发展。在这篇综述中，我们着重研究了阳离子型离子液体的合成，表征和应用，特别是在有机合成中。