This review provides an updated vision about the recent developments in the field of drug vectorization using functional nanoparticles and other nanovectors. From a large number of these nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems that emerge nearly every week, only a tiny fraction reaches a pre-clinical or clinical phase study. In this report, we intend to provide contextual information about those nanocarriers and release methods that have shown the best outcomes at in vitro and in vivo experiments, highlighting those with proven therapeutic efficiency in humans. From silicabased porous nanoparticles to liposomes or polymeric nanoparticles, each one of these nanosystems has its advantages and drawbacks. We describe and discuss briefly those approaches that, in our criterion, have provided significant advancements over existing therapies at the in vivo level. This work also provides a general view of those commercially available nanovectors and their specific area of therapeutic action.

这篇综述提供了关于使用功能性纳米颗粒和其他纳米载体进行药物矢量化领域最新进展的最新见解。从几乎每周出现的大量基于纳米技术的药物输送系统中，只有很小一部分进入了临床前或临床阶段研究。在本报告中，我们打算提供有关那些在体外和体内实验中显示出最佳结果的纳米载体和释放方法的背景信息，重点介绍那些在人类中已证明具有治疗效果的纳米载体和释放方法。从基于二氧化硅的多孔纳米颗粒到脂质体或聚合物纳米颗粒，这些纳米系统中的每一个都有其优点和缺点。我们以我们的标准来简要描述和讨论那些方法，在体内水平上已经提供了优于现有疗法的重大进步。这项工作还提供了那些可商购的纳米载体及其治疗作用的特定领域的概观。