Traditionally investigated in philosophy, body ownership and agency—two main components of the minimal self—have recently gained attention from other disciplines, such as brain, cognitive and behavioral sciences, and even robotics and artificial intelligence. In robotics, intuitive human interaction in natural and dynamic environments becomes more and more important, and requires skills such as self-other distinction and an understanding of agency effects. In a previous review article, we investigated studies on mechanisms for the development of motor and cognitive skills in robots (Schillaci et al., 2016). In this review article, we argue that these mechanisms also build the foundation for an understanding of an artificial self. In particular, we look at developmental processes of the minimal self in biological systems, transfer principles of those to the development of an artificial self, and suggest metrics for agency and body ownership in an artificial self.

传统上在哲学中研究的身体所有权和代理——最小自我的两个主要组成部分——最近引起了其他学科的关注，例如大脑、认知和行为科学，甚至机器人和人工智能。在机器人技术中，自然和动态环境中直观的人类交互变得越来越重要，并且需要诸如自我他人区分和对代理效应的理解等技能。在之前的一篇评论文章中，我们调查了机器人运动和认知技能发展机制的研究（Schillaci 等人， 2016年）。在这篇评论文章中，我们认为这些机制也为理解人工自我奠定了基础。特别是，我们研究生物系统中最小自我的发展过程，将这些原则转移到人工自我的发展中，并提出人工自我中的代理和身体所有权的衡量标准。