The fatty acid composition of a pre-hibernation diet can influence the depth and duration of metabolic suppression achieved by hibernators. More specifically, a diet high in n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) relative to n−3 PUFAs is essential to maximize torpor expression. However, few studies have investigated how diets with different n−6/n−3 PUFA ratios change stress-inducible cell signaling. Garden dormice (Eliomys quercinus) were fed one of three diets designed with different ratios of n−6 PUFA linoleic acid (LA) and n−3 PUFA linolenic acid (ALA). Then, NFκB signaling was assessed in the white adipose, brown adipose, and liver tissues of euthermic and hibernating dormice via multiplex and RT-qPCR analyses of relative protein and transcript levels, respectively. Dormice fed a high LA diet regulated NFκB signaling in a protective manner in all tissues. NFκB signaling was generally decreased in the high LA group, with significant decreases in the protein levels of NFκB mediators IKKα/β, IκBα, and downstream pro-apoptotic protein FADD. Liver and white adipose from torpid dormice fed a high LA diet increased sod2 expression relative to the other diets or relative to euthermic controls, indicating protection against ROS generated from potentially increased β-oxidation of n−6 PUFAs. The low LA diet increased biomarkers for apoptosis relative to other diets and relative to euthermia, suggesting low LA diets may be detrimental to hibernator health. Overall, this study suggests that changes in the ratio of n−6/ n−3 PUFAs in the diet influences apoptotic and antioxidant responses in white adipose, brown adipose, and liver of hibernating garden dormice.

冬眠前饮食的脂肪酸组成可以影响冬眠者代谢抑制的深度和持续时间。更具体地说，相对于 n-3 PUFA 而言，n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 含量较高的饮食对于最大化 topor 表达至关重要。然而，很少有研究调查不同 n−6/n−3 PUFA 比例的饮食如何改变应激诱导的细胞信号传导。花园睡鼠 (Eliomys quercinus) 被喂食三种不同比例的 n−6 PUFA 亚油酸 (LA) 和 n−3 PUFA 亚麻酸 (ALA) 饮食中的一种。然后，分别通过相对蛋白质和转录水平的多重分析和 RT-qPCR 分析，评估恒温和冬眠睡鼠的白色脂肪、棕色脂肪和肝脏组织中的 NFκB 信号传导。喂食高 LA 饮食的睡鼠在所有组织中以保护性方式调节 NFκB 信号传导。高 LA 组中 NFκB 信号传导普遍降低，NFκB 介质 IKKα/β、IκBα 和下游促凋亡蛋白 FADD 的蛋白水平显着降低。与其他饮食或相对于恒温对照相比，喂食高 LA 饮食的迟钝睡鼠的肝脏和白色脂肪增加了 sod2 的表达，表明对 n−6 PUFA 的 β-氧化可能增加所产生的 ROS 具有保护作用。相对于其他饮食和相对于体温升高，低洛杉矶饮食增加了细胞凋亡的生物标志物，这表明低洛杉矶饮食可能不利于冬眠者的健康。总体而言，这项研究表明，饮食中 n−6/n−3 PUFA 比例的变化会影响冬眠花园睡鼠的白色脂肪、棕色脂肪和肝脏的细胞凋亡和抗氧化反应。