Background: Some adipokine hormones can affect both human and animal models of insulin resistance. Aims: This study was conducted to assess the association between rs17300539 and rs266729 of the adiponectin gene and insulin resistance and anthropometric and metabolic characteristics in impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nondiabetic participants. Methods: DNA was extracted from 80 participants with fasting blood sugar (FBS) <100 mg/dL in nondiabetics and 80 participants with FBS ≥100 mg/dL in the IFG/T2DM group. Genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 20. Insulin and adiponectin hormone were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and other biochemical variables were determined using the standard methods. Results: The levels of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) between the IFG/T2DM and the nondiabetic group were significantly different (IFG/T2DM = 3.27, nondiabetic = 1.71; p < 0.001). The frequency of the GA genotype of rs17300539 was higher in the insulin-resistant (HOMA-IR ≥2.6, 29.7%) than in the insulin-sensitive group (HOMA-IR <2.6, 18.4%) and the GG genotype were more frequent in the insulin-sensitive group (81.6%); however, it had a marginal association (p = 0.07). This association was not statistically significant for rs266729. HOMA-IR had a positive correlation with triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) and was negatively correlated with adiponectin level. Conclusion: IFG/T2DM patients have a higher level of HOMA-IR in comparison with nondiabetics. The genotype of GA in rs17300539 increases the risk of HOMA-IR. HOMA-IR has a positive correlation with TC and TG. Moreover, HOMA-IR increases the risk of T2DM.

中文翻译：

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脂联素基因多态性对糖尿病和新诊断2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗指数的影响

背景：一些脂肪因子激素会影响胰岛素抵抗的人类和动物模型。目的：本研究旨在评估脂联素基因的 rs17300539 和 rs266729 与空腹血糖受损 (IFG)/2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 和非糖尿病参与者的胰岛素抵抗和人体测量学和代谢特征之间的关联。方法：从 80 名非糖尿病组的空腹血糖 (FBS) <100 mg/dL 的参与者和 80 名 IFG/T2DM 组的 FBS ≥100 mg/dL 的参与者中提取 DNA。使用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性分析进行基因分型。使用SPSS软件版本20进行统计分析。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法测量胰岛素和脂联素激素，使用标准方法测定其他生化变量。结果：IFG/T2DM 组与非糖尿病组胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估 (HOMA-IR) 水平显着不同（IFG/T2DM = 3.27，非糖尿病组 = 1.71；p < 0.001）。rs17300539的GA基因型频率在胰岛素抵抗组（HOMA-IR≥2.6，29.7%）高于胰岛素敏感组（HOMA-IR<2.6，18.4%），GG基因型在胰岛素抵抗组更常见胰岛素敏感组（81.6%）；然而，它有一个边际关联（p = 0.07）。这种关联对于 rs266729 没有统计学意义。HOMA-IR与甘油三酯（TG）和总胆固醇（TC）呈正相关，与脂联素水平呈负相关。结论：与非糖尿病患者相比，IFG/T2DM 患者的 HOMA-IR 水平更高。rs17300539 中 GA 的基因型增加了 HOMA-IR 的风险。HOMA-IR 与 TC 和 TG 呈正相关。此外，HOMA-IR 会增加 T2DM 的风险。