Over the past two years, the emergence of acceptor–donor–acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–DA′D–A) type non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) has contributed to the rapid development of organic solar cells (OSCs) with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceeding 18%. In this Minireview, we firstly introduce key factors, including light absorption, energy levels, and morphology of the active layer that affect the performance of OSCs. Then, we spotlight the A–DA′D–A type acceptors for high-efficiency OSCs reported in recent times and summarize the structure–property relationship from selected examples for future molecular design. We also discuss the recent progress in highly efficient ternary OSCs based on A–DA′D–A type acceptors. Finally, we forecast several research directions for further development of OSCs toward commercialization.

中文翻译：

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受体-供体-受体-供体-受体（A–DA'D–A）型受体在高性能有机太阳能电池方面的最新进展

在过去的两年中，受体-供体-受体-供体-受体（A–DA'D–A）型非富勒烯受体（NFA）的出现促进了具有能量的有机太阳能电池（OSC）的快速发展。转换效率（PCE）超过18％。在此Minireview中，我们首先介绍影响OSC性能的关键因素，包括光吸收，能级和有源层的形态。然后，我们重点介绍了最近报道的用于高效OSC的A–DA'D–A型受体，并总结了一些用于未来分子设计的实例的结构与性质之间的关系。我们还将讨论基于A–DA'D–A类型受体的高效三元OSC的最新进展。最后，我们预测了OSC进一步商业化发展的几个研究方向。