Acute ischaemic stroke is a major public health priority and will become increasingly relevant to neurologists of the future. The cornerstone of effective stroke care continues to be timely reperfusion treatment. This requires early recognition of symptoms by the public and first responders, triage to an appropriate stroke centre and efficient assessment and investigation by the attending stroke team. The aim of treatment is to achieve recanalisation and reperfusion of the ischaemic penumbra with intravenous thrombolysis and/or endovascular thrombectomy in appropriately selected patients. All patients should be admitted directly to an acute stroke unit for close monitoring for early neurological deterioration and prevention of secondary complications. Prompt investigation of the mechanism of stroke allows patients to start appropriate secondary preventative treatment. Future objectives include improving accessibility to endovascular thrombectomy, using advanced imaging to extend therapeutic windows and developing neuroprotective agents to prevent secondary neuronal damage.

中文翻译：

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急性缺血性脑卒中的诊断和治疗


急性缺血性中风是一个重要的公共卫生优先事项，并将与未来的神经科医生越来越相关。有效的中风护理的基石仍然是及时的再灌注治疗。这需要公众和急救人员及早识别症状，分流到适当的中风中心，并由主治中风团队进行有效的评估和调查。治疗的目的是通过对适当选择的患者进行静脉溶栓和/或血管内血栓切除术来实现缺血半暗带的再通和再灌注。所有患者均应直接入住急性卒中病房，以密切监测早期神经功能恶化并预防继发并发症。及时研究中风的机制可以让患者开始适当的二级预防治疗。未来的目标包括提高血管内血栓切除术的可及性、使用先进的成像技术来延长治疗窗口以及开发神经保护剂以防止继发性神经元损伤。