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Physical Confinement Impacts Cellular Phenotypes within Living Materials.
ACS Applied Bio Materials ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-07 , DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00335
Hans Priks 1 , Tobias Butelmann 1 , Aleksandr Illarionov 1 , Trevor G Johnston 2 , Christopher Fellin 2 , Tarmo Tamm 1 , Alshakim Nelson 2 , Rahul Kumar 1 , Petri-Jaan Lahtvee 1
Affiliation  

Additive manufacturing allows three-dimensional printing of polymeric materials together with cells, creating living materials for applications in biomedical research and biotechnology. However, an understanding of the cellular phenotype within living materials is lacking, which is a key limitation for their wider application. Herein, we present an approach to characterize the cellular phenotype within living materials. We immobilized the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in three different photo-cross-linkable triblock polymeric hydrogels containing F127-bis-urethane methacrylate, F127-dimethacrylate, or poly(alkyl glycidyl ether)-dimethacrylate. Using optical and scanning electron microscopy, we showed that hydrogels based on these polymers were stable under physiological conditions, but yeast colonies showed differences in the interaction within the living materials. We found that the physical confinement, imparted by compositional and structural properties of the hydrogels, impacted the cellular phenotype by reducing the size of cells in living materials compared with suspension cells. These properties also contributed to the differences in immobilization patterns, growth of colonies, and colony coatings. We observed that a composition-dependent degradation of polymers was likely possible by cells residing in the living materials. In conclusion, our investigation highlights the need for a holistic understanding of the cellular response within hydrogels to facilitate the synthesis of application-specific polymers and the design of advanced living materials in the future.

中文翻译:

物理限制会影响生物材料中的细胞表型。

增材制造可对聚合物材料和细胞进行三维印刷,从而创造出可用于生物医学研究和生物技术的活性材料。但是,缺乏对生物材料中细胞表型的了解,这是其广泛应用的关键限制。在本文中,我们提出了一种表征生活材料中细胞表型的方法。我们固定了发芽酵母酿酒酵母在三种不同的可光交联的三嵌段聚合物水凝胶中,这些水凝胶包含F127-双氨基甲酸酯甲基丙烯酸酯,F127-二甲基丙烯酸酯或聚(烷基缩水甘油基醚)-二甲基丙烯酸酯。使用光学和扫描电子显微镜,我们显示了基于这些聚合物的水凝胶在生理条件下是稳定的,但酵母菌落显示了在生物材料中相互作用的差异。我们发现,与悬浮细胞相比,由水凝胶的组成和结构性质赋予的物理限制通过减小活物质中细胞的大小影响了细胞表型。这些特性也导致固定模式,菌落生长和菌落涂层的差异。我们观察到,驻留在生物材料中的细胞可能会导致聚合物的成分依赖性降解。总而言之,我们的研究强调了对水凝胶中细胞反应的整体了解的必要性,以促进未来特定用途聚合物的合成和先进生活材料的设计。
更新日期:2020-07-20
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