ABSTRACT

The intervention process in historical buildings involves the application of a scientific methodology for the materials characterization. In Porto Alegre — RS, Brazil, several buildings with patrimonial value from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were preserved. This study presents the physicochemical analysis of mortar coating samples obtained from two buildings, the commercial and residential building “Frasca House” (1911) and the Metropolitan Curia of Porto Alegre (1888). The visual investigation and aspects of the color and morphology of the samples were determined with a stereoscopic microscope. Chemical analyses provided information on the binder:aggregate proportion and qualitative soluble salts, correlated with deterioration caused by efflorescence. Microstructural analysis allowed to determine the nature of the binders, aggregates and fine particulates. It is expected to contribute, in restoration interventions, to the choice and quantity of materials compatible with the original evaluated here, preserving it and, thus, extending the service life of the building.

摘要

历史建筑的干预过程涉及对材料表征的科学方法的应用。在巴西的阿雷格里港 — RS，保存了几座 19 世纪和 20 世纪初具有世袭价值的建筑。本研究介绍了从两栋建筑——商业和住宅建筑“Frasca House”（1911 年）和阿雷格里港大都会库里亚（1888 年）——获得的砂浆涂层样品的物理化学分析。用立体显微镜确定样品的颜色和形态的目视调查和方面。化学分析提供了有关粘合剂的信息：骨料比例和可溶性盐的定性，与风化引起的变质相关。微观结构分析可以确定粘合剂的性质，聚集体和细颗粒物。在修复干预中，预计将有助于选择与此处评估的原始材料兼容的材料的数量和数量，保护它，从而延长建筑物的使用寿命。