Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications of Native and Modified Starch: A Review,Starch

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Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications of Native and Modified Starch: A Review
Starch ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-22 , DOI: 10.1002/star.201900270
Maria Aparecida Vieira Teixeira Garcia ₁ , Cleverson Fernando Garcia ₂ , André Augusto Gomes Faraco ₃

Affiliation

Starch is a natural, renewable, and biodegradable polymer produced by many plants as a source of stored energy. The structural and functional diversity of starches makes them suitable for different applications. Various physical, chemical, and enzymatic modifications can change and improve functional properties of starch to facilitate its use for different pharmaceutical purposes. Currently, some types of starches—for example, native starch, sodium starch glycolate (chemically modified starch), and pregelatinized starch (physically modified starch)—are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use either as an isolated excipient or as a matrix for drug delivery systems in granules, capsules, tablets, suppositories, implants, stents, transdermal, and ophthalmic systems. However, the increasing number of drug moieties with varying physicochemical and stability properties along with the development of new drug production processes and drug delivery systems exert pressure on formulators to search for new excipients that achieve the desired set of functionalities. This paper offers a clear overview of native and modified starches and their use in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, either as excipients or as drug delivery systems. In addition, some drug release mechanisms, which include encapsulants, micro/nanoparticles hydrogels and scaffolds, are discussed.

中文翻译：

天然和改性淀粉在制药和生物医学中的应用：综述

淀粉是一种天然的，可再生的和可生物降解的聚合物，许多植物都将其作为储存的能源来生产。淀粉的结构和功能多样性使其适合不同的应用。各种物理，化学和酶促修饰可以改变和改善淀粉的功能特性，以促进其用于不同药学目的。当前，某些类型的淀粉（例如，天然淀粉，羟乙酸淀粉钠（化学修饰的淀粉）和预糊化淀粉（物理修饰的淀粉））已获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的批准，可以单独使用赋形剂或作为颗粒，胶囊，片剂，栓剂，植入物，支架，透皮和眼科系统中药物输送系统的基质。然而，具有不断变化的理化和稳定性质的药物部分的数量不断增加，以及新药物生产工艺和药物输送系统的发展，给配方设计师带来了压力，要求他们寻求能够实现所需功能的新型赋形剂。本文提供了天然和改性淀粉的清晰概述，以及它们在制药和生物医学应用中作为赋形剂或药物递送系统的用途。另外，讨论了一些药物释放机理，包括密封剂，微米/纳米水凝胶和支架。本文提供了天然和改性淀粉的清晰概述，以及它们在制药和生物医学应用中作为赋形剂或药物递送系统的用途。另外，讨论了一些药物释放机理，包括密封剂，微米/纳米水凝胶和支架。本文提供了天然和改性淀粉的清晰概述，以及它们在制药和生物医学应用中作为赋形剂或药物递送系统的用途。另外，讨论了一些药物释放机理，包括密封剂，微米/纳米水凝胶和支架。

更新日期：2020-06-22

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