当前位置: X-MOL 学术Funct. Ecol. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Agricultural intensification reduces plant taxonomic and functional diversity across European arable systems
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13608
Carlos P. Carmona 1 , Irene Guerrero 2 , Begoña Peco 3 , Manuel B. Morales 3 , Juan J. Oñate 3 , Tomas Pärt 4 , Teja Tscharntke 5 , Jaan Liira 1 , Tsipe Aavik 1 , Mark Emmerson 6 , Frank Berendse 7 , Piotr Ceryngier 8 , Vincent Bretagnolle 9, 10 , Wolfgang W. Weisser 11 , Jan Bengtsson 12
Affiliation  

Agricultural intensification is one of the main drivers of species loss worldwide, but there is still a lack of information about its effect on functional diversity of arable weed communities. Using a large-scale pan European study including 786 fields within 261 farms from eight countries, we analysed differences in the taxonomic and functional diversity of arable weeds assemblages across different levels of agricultural intensification. We estimated weed species frequency in each field, and collected species' traits (vegetative height, SLA and seed mass) from the TRY plant trait database. With this information, we estimated taxonomic (species richness), functional composition (community weighted means) and functional diversity (functional richness, evenness, divergence and redundancy). We used indicators of agricultural management intensity at the individual field scale (e.g. yield, inputs of nitrogen fertilizer and herbicides, frequency of mechanical weed control practices) and at the landscape scale surrounding the field (i.e. number of crop types, mean field size and proportion of arable land cover within a radius of 500 m from the sampling points). The effects of agricultural intensification on species and functional richness at the field scale were stronger than those of intensification at the landscape scale, and we did not observe evidence of interacting effects between the two scales. Overall, assemblages in more intensified areas had fewer species, a higher prevalence of species with ruderal strategies (low stature, high leaf area, light seeds), and lower functional redundancy. Maintaining the diversity of Europe's arable weed communities requires some simple management interventions, for example, reducing the high intensity of field-level agricultural management across Europe, which could be complemented by interventions that increase landscape complexity. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

中文翻译:

农业集约化降低了整个欧洲耕地系统的植物分类和功能多样性

农业集约化是世界范围内物种丧失的主要驱动因素之一,但仍然缺乏关于其对耕地杂草群落功能多样性影响的信息。使用包括来自八个国家的 261 个农场的 786 个农田的大规模泛欧洲研究,我们分析了不同农业集约化水平下耕地杂草组合的分类和功能多样性的差异。我们估计了每个田地的杂草种类频率,并从 TRY 植物性状数据库中收集了物种的性状(植物高度、SLA 和种子质量)。有了这些信息,我们估计了分类学(物种丰富度)、功能组成(社区加权平均值)和功能多样性(功能丰富度、均匀度、分歧和冗余度)。我们使用了单个田地规模(例如产量、氮肥和除草剂的投入、机械杂草控制实践的频率)和田地周围景观规模(即作物类型的数量、平均田地面积和比例)的农业管理强度指标距采样点 500 m 半径范围内的耕地覆盖面积)。农业集约化在田间尺度上对物种和功能丰富度的影响强于景观尺度上的集约化,我们没有观察到两个尺度之间相互作用的证据。总体而言,集约化程度更高的地区的组合物种较少,采用粗鲁策略(低矮、高叶面积、轻种子)的物种的流行率更高,并且功能冗余度较低。保持欧洲的多样性 可耕地杂草群落需要一些简单的管理干预措施,例如,降低整个欧洲田间农业管理的高强度,这可以通过增加景观复杂性的干预措施加以补充。可以在本文的支持信息中找到免费的普通语言摘要。
更新日期:2020-07-01
down
wechat
bug