Over the past few years, manipulating and analyzing methods based on single-cell level have become frequently adopted to conduct the cell heterogeneity study (e.g., differentiation of stem cells, tumor cell heterogeneity). Traditional single-cell analysis techniques exhibit high processing complexity and time-consuming characteristic, and require expensive equipment, considerably limiting their applications in cellular heterogeneity study. Microfluidics-based systems to conduct single-cell study have appeared to be powerful methods as fueled with the advancement of microfluidics techniques. This paper reviews microstructure-based methods for single-cell manipulation and analysis. The methods based on microvalve for single-cell manipulation are also discussed in this paper. Lastly, the challenges required to be addressed in the future are highlighted.

在过去的几年中，基于单细胞水平的操纵和分析方法已被频繁地用于进行细胞异质性研究（例如，干细胞的分化，肿瘤细胞异质性）。传统的单细胞分析技术表现出很高的处理复杂度和耗时的特性，并且需要昂贵的设备，大大限制了它们在细胞异质性研究中的应用。随着微流体技术的发展，基于微流体的系统进行单细胞研究似乎是强大的方法。本文回顾了基于微结构的单细胞操作和分析方法。本文还讨论了基于微阀的单细胞操作方法。最后，