Ridesourcing (Uber, Careem, Lyft, …) is emerging as a main player in the transportation industry. However, its relation to mass transit remains ambiguous, with divided opinions on its complementarity or substitutive effect towards high capacity public transportation systems. This study examines the integration of ridesourcing and transit, particularly focusing on modeling the demand for mass transit when ridesourcing is used as an access or egress mode to mass transit. It extends the existing literature on the integration of transit and new mobility concepts by providing a modeling framework that incorporates all stages of multi-modal trips such as those that involve using mass transit. A mixed logit with error component structure is presented to capture correlations in unobserved factors across multi-modal alternatives sharing similar modes at certain stages. The framework incorporates uni-modal and multi-modal travel alternatives and distinguishes between access, main mode, and egress stages without applying constraints on possible combinations. An application to Beirut’s planned Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system, performed on a data set of 392 respondents, reveals that ridesourcing as a feeder mode is mostly popular with young commuters while also being perceived as more reliable than feeder buses and jitneys. Awareness and familiarity are major drivers for the service implying higher potential in the future. A complementarity effect with transit is found as the introduction of ridesourcing at the feeders’ level is expected to drive an additional 2% of commuters to use the BRT. Decreasing ridesourcing fare is effective for its integration with transit, as a fare decrease of 50% increases BRT market share from 33.53% to 36.89% of all motorized trips, implying possible synergies between the two modes. Forecasting results further reveal that additional taxes on parking used by car commuters and increasing park and ride capacity at BRT stations are effective policies to augment BRT ridership.

Ridesourcing（Uber，Careem，Lyft等）正在成为运输行业的主要参与者。然而，它与大众运输的关系仍然模棱两可，关于其对高容量公共交通系统的互补性或替代作用的看法分歧。这项研究检查了骑行服务和公共交通的整合，尤其侧重于在将骑行服务用作公共交通的出入或出站模式时对公共交通的需求进行建模。通过提供一个建模框架，该模型将多式联运旅行的所有阶段（如涉及使用大众运输的那些阶段）合并在一起，从而扩展了有关运输和新出行概念融合的现有文献。提出了具有误差成分结构的混合logit，以捕获在某些阶段共享相似模式的多模式替代方案中未观测因素的相关性。该框架结合了单模式和多模式旅行选择，并在不对可能的组合施加限制的情况下区分出入，主要模式和出口阶段。贝鲁特计划中的快速公交系统（BRT）系统的一项应用程序对392位受访者进行了数据显示，该系统表明，乘车出行作为接驳模式在年轻的通勤者中最普遍，同时也被认为比接驳公交车和通勤者更可靠。意识和熟悉度是该服务的主要驱动力，暗示着未来的潜力。由于在支线水平引入了骑行出行，预计将促使另外2％的通勤者使用BRT，因此与运输产生了互补效应。降低乘车费用对整合公交系统是有效的，因为票价降低50％将BRT市场份额从所有机动出行的33.53％提高到36.89％，这意味着这两种模式之间可能会产生协同作用。预测结果进一步表明，对通勤者使用的停车附加税以及增加BRT车站的停车和乘车能力是增加BRT乘客量的有效政策。暗示两种模式之间可能存在协同作用。预测结果进一步表明，对通勤者使用的停车附加税以及增加BRT车站的停车和乘车能力是增加BRT乘客量的有效政策。暗示两种模式之间可能存在协同作用。预测结果进一步表明，对通勤者使用的停车附加税以及增加BRT车站的停车和乘车能力是增加BRT乘客量的有效政策。