Stomata control the water loss for transpiration and the CO₂ uptake for photosynthesis. However, the relationships between photosynthesis and stomatal traits across a wide range of species are largely been unknown. Here, we tested the relationships among maximum photosynthetic rate (A_max), stomatal density (SD), stomatal length (SL) and maximum stomatal conductance to water vapour (g_max) across 45 woody plants on the Loess Plateau. We found the correlations of stomatal traits with A_max and g_max were different. Specifically, g_max was positively correlated with SD. A_max was negatively correlated with SD and positively correlated with SL, which were inconsistent with previous findings focusing on a few of species. Our results indicated that plants with large and few stomata could possess low g_max and maintain an appropriate photosynthetic rate, suggesting that it will benefit plants under increased CO₂ and decreased water availability environments in the future. Indeed, further work is needed to investigate the effects of stomata, mesophyll and biochemical process on photosynthesis under different environmental conditions.

气孔控制蒸腾作用的水分流失和光合作用的CO ₂吸收量。然而，在许多物种中光合作用与气孔性状之间的关系在很大程度上是未知的。在这里，我们测试了黄土高原上45种木本植物的最大光合速率（A _max），气孔密度（SD），气孔长度（SL）和最大气孔导度对水蒸气的关系（g _max）。我们发现气孔性状与A _max和g _max的相关性不同。具体而言，g _max与SD正相关。一个_最大与SD呈负相关，与SL呈正相关，这与先前针对少数物种的发现不一致。我们的结果表明，气孔大而很少的植物可能具有较低的g _max并保持适当的光合作用速率，这表明在未来CO ₂增加和水利用环境减少的情况下，它将有益于植物。确实，需要进一步的工作来研究在不同环境条件下气孔，叶肉和生化过程对光合作用的影响。