Freeze-thaw cycle promotes the decomposition of soil organic matter in cold regions, causing carbon and nitrogen to be emitted in the forms of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O, resulting in positive feedback to climate warming. To effectively regulate greenhouse gas emissions, four different regulation modes, namely, biochar addition (BA), straw addition (SA), combined biochar and straw (CBS) and a natural control (BL), were established. The characteristics of soil greenhouse gas emissions under different treatments and their response relationships to soil water, heat, carbon and nitrogen were explored. The results revealed that the SA and CBS treatments effectively inhibited the substantial reduction in soil temperature, moisture content, inorganic nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon during the freezing period; among them, the average soil inorganic nitrogen under the SA and CBS treatments increased by 15.36 and 11.62 mg·kg⁻¹ compared to that in the BL treatment, respectively. Simultaneously, both N₂O and CO₂ emission fluxes were low, and the difference was small under the various treatments. However, the soil showed an absorption trend with respect to CH₄, and the BA and CBS treatments promoted this effect; furthermore, the response relationships between CH₄ and soil water, heat and carbon were enhanced. During the thawing period, the CBS treatment most effectively promoted the increase in soil water, heat, carbon and nitrogen, while it inhibited the flux of CH₄ and N₂O in soils, and the average CH₄ emission flux under the CBS treatment decreased by 8.25 ~ 30.75 μg∙kg⁻¹ relative to that under the other treatments. Concurrently, the responses of CH₄ and N₂O emission fluxes to soil water, heat, carbon and nitrogen were weakened under this treatment. Although the CBS treatment increased the CO₂ emissions flux during this period, in view of the overall effect of the entire freeze–thaw period, the CBS treatment most effectively reduced the global warming potential (GWP) of the soil. Therefore, it is suggested that the joint application of biochar and straw is the most effective strategy for greenhouse gas budget management and soil nutrient restoration in seasonally frozen areas.

冻融循环促进了寒冷地区土壤有机质的分解，导致碳和氮以CO ₂，CH ₄和N ₂的形式排放O，导致对气候变暖的积极反馈。为了有效调节温室气体排放，建立了四种不同的调节模式，即生物炭添加量（BA），秸秆添加量（SA），生物炭和秸秆混合使用（CBS）和自然控制（BL）。探讨了不同处理方式下土壤温室气体排放的特征及其对土壤水，热，碳和氮的响应关系。结果表明，SA和CBS处理有效抑制了冻结期土壤温度，水分，无机氮和溶解有机碳的大幅降低。其中SA和CBS处理的平均土壤无机氮增加了15.36和11.62 mg·kg ^-1。相比于BL治疗。同时，在各种处理下，N ₂ O和CO _2的排放通量均较低，差异较小。然而，土壤显示出对CH ₄的吸收趋势，BA和CBS处理促进了这种作用。CH ₄与土壤水分，热量和碳的响应关系得到增强。在融化期间，CBS处理最有效地促进了土壤水分，热量，碳和氮的增加，同时抑制了土壤中CH ₄和N ₂ O的通量，CBS处理下平均CH ₄排放通量降低了。约8.25〜30.75μg∙kg相对于其他处理为^-1。同时，在这种处理下，CH ₄和N ₂ O排放通量对土壤水，热，碳和氮的响应减弱。尽管CBS处理在此期间增加了CO ₂排放通量，但鉴于整个冻融期的总体影响，CBS处理最有效地降低了土壤的全球变暖潜能（GWP）。因此，建议将生物炭和秸秆联合施用是季节性冻结地区温室气体预算管理和土壤养分恢复的最有效策略。