Assessing some of the very basic physical and chemical properties, such as moisture content, specific gravity, fixed solids, volatile solids, pH, VFA/Alkalinity, hydrolyzable solid matter, orthophosphate concentration, sulfate concentration, and inorganic nitrogen concentration, of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) is fundamental towards its efficient management. The present study establishes a cost-effective measurement technique/protocol to characterize FVW that not only helps in understanding the nature of the FVW generating at a particular place, but also helps in designing the appropriate waste-to-energy technology that ameliorates the generated FVW. As such, the characterization results in the present study were used to design a novel two-stage hybrid anaerobic digester. The proposed measurement technique/protocol can be very easily replicated at any standard chemical laboratory having basic facilities. Besides, it can also be extended to characterizing any such organic solid waste (agricultural waste) that resembles the nature of FVW, and with the slightest of modification can also be used to characterize organic fraction of the municipal solid waste (OFMSW) on the whole. The results of the chemical characterization for the fresh, 24-h old, 48-h old, and 72-h old FVW matter indicated the suitability of 24-h old FVW matter to undergo the highest degree of stabilization via anaerobic digestion (AD). Results from subsequent batch studies, pertaining to the stabilization of the aforesaid four FVW types via the designed two-stage anaerobic digester, corroborated this observation. AD of 24-h old FVW yielded the highest biogas production rate (12.5 L d⁻¹), and the highest COD-removal percentage (90%), under the shortest batch period (48–60 h).

评估水果和蔬菜的一些非常基本的物理和化学性质，例如水分，比重，固定固体，挥发性固体，pH，VFA /碱度，可水解固体物质，正磷酸盐浓度，硫酸盐浓度和无机氮浓度废物（FVW）是对其进行有效管理的基础。本研究建立了一种经济有效的测量技术/协议来表征FVW，这不仅有助于了解特定地点产生的FVW的性质，而且有助于设计适当的废物转化能源技术，以改善所产生的FVW 。因此，本研究中的表征结果被用于设计一种新型的两阶段混合厌氧消化器。所提出的测量技术/协议可以在具有基础设施的任何标准化学实验室中轻松复制。此外，它还可以扩展到表征任何类似于FVW性质的有机固体废物（农业废物），并且只要稍加改动就可以用于表征整个城市固体废物（OFMSW）的有机部分。 。新鲜的24小时，48小时和72小时的FVW物质的化学表征结果表明，24小时的FVW物质通过厌氧消化（AD）经历最高程度的稳定化的适用性。后续批次研究的结果与通过设计的两阶段厌氧消化器稳定上述四种FVW类型有关，证实了这一观察结果。^-1），并且在最短的批处理时间（48–60小时）下，COD去除率最高（90％）。