The main objective of the present study is to introduce a new and ecologically safe method for managing the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae. Therefore, Eucalyptus salubris leaves essential oils yield, chemical composition and its insecticidal activity against the adults of S. oryzae were evaluated. Moreover, a comparison of innovative and conventional extraction methods of Eucalyptus salubris essential oils collected from two arboreta in south of Tunisia (Zrig and El-Hamma) was investigate. In fact, results demonstrated that essential oils yields varied depending on the arboreta and extraction methods. Essential oils yields obtained with MAE were increased in both arboreta. Besides, results showed a significant positive association between the essential oils yields of MAE and altitude of the arboretum. These results can be used to improve the production of oils in commercial plantations. Analysis of essential oils has shown that chemical composition may differ not only in the quantity of the different compounds but also in the quality of molecules extracted, depending on the method of extraction and harvest area. Moreover, E. salubris essential oils from El-Hamma were rich in hydrocarbon monoterpenes (56%), while those from Zrig were rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (39.6%), mainly 1, 8-Cineole (30.94%). Furthermore, the fumigant toxicity varied with the harvest area, extraction process, oil concentration and exposure duration. The conventional method achieved the best performances. The Lethal Concentration (LC₅₀) values were 25.96 μL/L air, 34.43 μL/L air and 46.74 μL/L air for E. salubris essential oils collected from El-Hamma and extracted by hydrodistillation, ultrasonic-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction, respectively. Overall, extraction of essential oils out by different techniques and innovative methods avoids shortcomings of content optional techniques friendly to environmental to avoid chemical risk, extraction time and obtain yield quality of essential oils.

中文翻译：

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用创新和常规方法提取的桉树精油对米曲霉的功效比较研究

本研究的主要目的是介绍一种新的，生态安全的方法来管理稻象鼻虫（Sitophilus oryzae）。因此，评价了桉桉叶精油的产量，化学组成及其对米曲霉成虫的杀虫活性。此外，比较了创新的和传统的桉树提取方法研究人员从突尼斯南部的两个乔木（Zrig和El-Hamma）收集了精油。实际上，结果表明，香精油的产量随树木的不同和提取方法的不同而不同。在两个arboreta中，用MAE获得的精油产量均增加。此外，结果显示MAE的精油产量与植物园的海拔高度呈显着正相关。这些结果可用于改善商业人工林中油的产量。对精油的分析表明，取决于提取和收获面积的方法，化学成分不仅会在不同化合物的数量上有所差异，而且在所提取分子的质量上也可能会有所不同。而且，E。salubris来自El-Hamma的精油富含烃类单萜（56％），而来自Zrig的精油富含氧化性单萜（39.6％），主要是1，8-Cineole（30.94％）。此外，熏蒸剂毒性随收获面积，提取过程，油浓度和暴露时间而变化。常规方法获得了最佳性能。致死性大肠杆菌的致死浓度（LC ₅₀）值为25.96μL / L空气，34.43μL / L空气和46.74μL / L空气从El-Hamma收集的精油分别通过加氢蒸馏，超声辅助提取和微波辅助提取进行提取。总体而言，通过不同的技术和创新方法提取精油避免了对环境友好的内容可选技术的缺点，从而避免了化学风险，提取时间并获得了精油的收成质量。