Alnus pollen has been frequently detected in the atmosphere of different airborne sampling sites of Southern Spain. However, Alnus sp. populations are very scarce and fragmented in the area, being restricted to a few river valleys in the southwest, and other further away regions of the Iberian Peninsula. This leads to think that the airborne pollen detected could be mainly the result of a medium- or long-distant transport. So, the aim of this study was to characterize the annual patterns of airborne Alnus pollen detected at three different locations of Malaga province, as well as to determine its possible origin, the pollen dispersion potential of these Alnus isolated populations, and their possible reproductive connectivity. Pollen sampling was conducted by means of three Hirst-type volumetric pollen traps. Samples were mounted and counted following the recommendations of the Spanish Aerobiology Network and the European Aeroallergen Society. The possible pollen sources were detected by means of a combination of meteorological information and backward air trajectories analysis. A high inter-annual variability in the annual pollen integrals was found in all the stations, favouring certain meteorological conditions a long-range transport and, therefore, causing the high concentrations detected in some specific days. Alnus pollen seems to have a heterogeneous origin with prevalence of the long-distant transport, which would suggest a possible reproductive connection among distant populations.

中文翻译：

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地中海西部桤木花粉的中远距离运输事件

在西班牙南部不同空气采样点的大气中经常检测到桤木花粉。然而，桤木 sp。该地区的人口非常稀少且分散，仅限于西南部的几个河谷和伊比利亚半岛的其他更远地区。这导致人们认为检测到的空气传播花粉可能主要是中远距离运输的结果。因此，本研究的目的是描述在马拉加省三个不同地点检测到的空气传播的红杨花粉的年度模式，并确定其可能的来源、这些红杨孤立种群的花粉扩散潜力，以及它们可能的生殖连通性。 . 花粉取样通过三个 Hirst 型体积花粉捕集器进行。按照西班牙空气生物学网络和欧洲空气过敏原协会的建议安装和计数样品。结合气象信息和后向空气轨迹分析，检测了可能的花粉来源。在所有站点中发现年度花粉积分的年际变化很大，有利于某些气象条件的远程传输，因此导致在某些特定日期检测到高浓度。桤木花粉似乎具有异质性起源，远距离运输盛行，这表明远距离种群之间可能存在生殖联系。结合气象信息和后向空气轨迹分析，检测了可能的花粉来源。在所有站点中发现年度花粉积分的年际变化很大，有利于某些气象条件的远程传输，因此导致在某些特定日期检测到高浓度。桤木花粉似乎具有异质性起源，远距离运输盛行，这表明远距离种群之间可能存在生殖联系。结合气象信息和后向空气轨迹分析，检测了可能的花粉来源。在所有站点中发现年度花粉积分的年际变化很大，有利于某些气象条件的远程传输，因此导致在某些特定日期检测到高浓度。桤木花粉似乎具有异质性起源，远距离运输盛行，这表明远距离种群之间可能存在生殖联系。导致在某些特定日期检测到高浓度。桤木花粉似乎具有异质性起源，远距离运输盛行，这表明远距离种群之间可能存在生殖联系。导致在某些特定日期检测到高浓度。桤木花粉似乎具有异质性起源，远距离运输盛行，这表明远距离种群之间可能存在生殖联系。