The atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) is invariably an incidental histological change, with no clinical findings specific for its diagnosis, and the mean patient age at diagnosis is 64–70 years. The incidence of AAH varies between 1.5 and 19.6% of transurethral resections and in up to 33% of radical prostatectomies. Herbal medicines are becoming a popular option in the treatment of prostatic-related diseases, such as date palm pollen and saw palmetto in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia. A testosterone/citral-induced AAH in Wistar rat model was used to evaluate the protective effect of Sophora japonica fruit extract (SFE). The present study suggests that SFE has an ameliorating effect on the prostatic hypertrophy and inflammation through its effect on clusterin, IGF, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 expression. In addition, the administration of SFE ameliorated the inflammatory score, and histopathological changes in AAH-induced rats in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment with SFE reduced the number of prostatic acini in AAH rat model and decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The fruit extract of S. japonica was characterized by determination total phenol content (60.3 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of dry extract), total flavonoid content (97.9 mg quercetin equivalent/g of dry extract) and the major isoflavonoid sophoricoside (302.9 ± 2.6 µg/g of the extract). In conclusion, SFE has an ameliorating effect on the prostatic hypertrophy and inflammation. This effect may be attributed to the ability of SFE to decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1β and IGF-1 as well as an increase in TGF-β1.

非典型腺瘤样增生（AAH）始终是偶然的组织学改变，没有针对其诊断的特定临床发现，诊断时的平均患者年龄为64-70岁。经尿道切除术的AAH发生率介于1.5％至19.6％之间，而根治性前列腺切除术的AAH发生率高达33％。草药正成为治疗前列腺相关疾病（如枣椰子花粉和锯棕榈的前列腺增生）的一种流行选择。Wistar大鼠模型中睾丸激素/柠檬醛诱导的AAH用于评估槐花的保护作用水果提取物（SFE）。本研究表明，SFE通过对簇蛋白，IGF，IL-6，IL-8，TNF-α和TGF-β1表达的影响而对前列腺肥大和炎症有改善作用。另外，SFE的施用以剂量依赖性方式改善了AAH诱导的大鼠的炎症评分和组织病理学变化。SFE处理可减少AAH大鼠模型中前列腺腺泡的数量，并减少促炎性细胞因子的产生。果实提取物国槐通过测定总酚含量（60.3 mg没食子酸当量/ g干提取物），总黄酮含量（97.9 mg槲皮素当量/ g干提取物）和主要异黄酮槐糖苷（302.9±2.6 µg / g提取物）来表征）。总之，SFE对前列腺肥大和炎症有改善作用。这种作用可能归因于SFE减少促炎性细胞因子，TNF-α，IL-1β和IGF-1的产生以及TGF-β1的增加的能力。