Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is drought resistant and tolerant to barren landscapes, making it one of the most important forages for animal husbandry, as well as ecological restoration of rocky landscapes that are undergoing desertification. However, orchardgrass is susceptible to rust, which can significantly reduce its yield and quality. Therefore, understanding the genes that underlie resistance against rust in orchardgrass is critical. The evolution, cloning of plant disease resistance genes, and the analysis of pathogenic bacteria induced expression patterns are important contents in the study of interaction between microorganisms and plants. Genes with nucleotide binding site (NBS) structure are disease-resistant genes ubiquitous in plants and play an important role in plant attacks against various pathogens. Using sequence analysis and re-annotation, we identified 413 NBS resistance genes in orchardgrass. Similar to previous studies, NBS resistance genes containing TIR (toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain were not found in orchardgrass. The NBS resistance genes can be divided into four types: NBS (up to 264 homologous genes, accounting for 64% of the total number of NBS genes in orchardgrass), NBS-LRR, CC-NBS, and CC-NBS-LRR (minimum of 26 homologous genes, only 6% of the total number of NBS genes in orchardgrass). These 413 NBS resistance genes were unevenly distributed across seven chromosomes where chromosome 5 had up to 99 NBS resistance genes. There were 224 (54%) NBS resistance genes expressed in different tissues (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and spikes), and we did not detect expression for 45 genes (11%). The remaining 145 (35%) were expressed in some tissues. And we found that 11 NBS resistance genes were differentially expressed under waterlogging stress, 5 NBS resistance genes were differentially expressed under waterlogging and drought stress, and 1 NBS resistance was is differentially expressed under waterlogging and heat stress. Most importantly, we found that 65 NBS resistance genes were significantly expressed in different control groups. On the 7th day of inoculation, 23 NBS resistance genes were differentially expressed in high resistance materials alone, of which 7 NBS resistance genes regulate the “plant–pathogen interaction” pathway by encoding RPM1. At the same time, 2 NBS resistance genes that were differentially expressed in the high resistance material after inoculation were also differentially expressed in abiotic stress. In summary, the NBS resistance gene plays a crucial role in the resistance of orchardgrass to rust.

果园（Dactylis glomerataL.）具有抗旱性并且能耐受贫瘠的土地，使其成为畜牧业以及正在经历荒漠化的岩石景观的生态恢复的最重要草料之一。但是，果园易生锈，会大大降低其产量和品质。因此，了解果园抗锈性基础的基因至关重要。植物抗病基因的进化，克隆以及病原菌诱导表达模式的分析是研究微生物与植物相互作用的重要内容。具有核苷酸结合位点（NBS）结构的基因是植物中普遍存在的抗病基因，并且在植物对各种病原体的攻击中起重要作用。使用序列分析和重新注释，我们在果园中鉴定出413个NBS抗性基因。与以前的研究相似，在果园中未发现含有TIR（收费/白介素1受体）结构域的NBS抗性基因。NBS抗性基因可分为四种类型：NBS（多达264个同源基因，占果园NBS基因总数的64％），NBS-LRR，CC-NBS和CC-NBS-LRR（最低在26个同源基因中，仅占果园NBS基因总数的6％）。这413个NBS抗性基因在七个染色体上分布不均，其中5号染色体具有多达99个NBS抗性基因。在不同组织（根，茎，叶，花和穗状花序）中表达了224个（54％）NBS抗性基因，我们没有检测到45个基因的表达（11％）。剩余的145（35％）在某些组织中表达。结果表明，在淹水胁迫下11个NBS抗性基因差异表达，在涝渍和干旱胁迫下5个NBS抗性基因差异表达，在涝渍和热胁迫下1个NBS抗性基因差异表达。最重要的是，我们发现65个NBS抗性基因在不同的对照组中得到了明显的表达。在接种的第7天，仅在高抗性材料中差异表达了23个NBS抗性基因，其中7个NBS抗性基因通过编码来调节“植物-病原体相互作用”途径 在涝渍和热胁迫下差异表达了1 NBS抗性。最重要的是，我们发现65个NBS抗性基因在不同的对照组中得到了明显的表达。在接种的第7天，仅在高抗性材料中差异表达了23个NBS抗性基因，其中7个NBS抗性基因通过编码来调节“植物-病原体相互作用”途径 在涝渍和热胁迫下差异表达了1 NBS抗性。最重要的是，我们发现65个NBS抗性基因在不同的对照组中得到了明显的表达。在接种的第7天，仅在高抗性材料中差异表达了23个NBS抗性基因，其中7个NBS抗性基因通过编码来调节“植物-病原体相互作用”途径RPM1。同时，接种后在高抗性材料中差异表达的2个NBS抗性基因在非生物胁迫中也差异表达。总之，NBS抗性基因在果园抗锈病中起着至关重要的作用。