Coronary flow rate remains complex to assess in clinical practice using non-invasive, non-ionizing imaging tools. In this study, we introduce 3D ultrafast Doppler coronary angiography (3D UDCA), an ultrasound-based method to assess coronary blood flows in three-dimensions at high volume-rate and in one single heartbeat. We demonstrate that 3D UDCA can visualize the coronary vasculature with high temporal and spatial resolution and quantify the absolute flow. The feasibility of the technique was demonstrated in an open-chest swine model. The flow rate of the left-anterior descending artery (LAD) assessed by 3D UDCA was reconstructed successfully at the early diastolic and late diastolic phases and was in good agreement with an invasive gold-standard flowmeter during baseline, reactive hyperemia and coronary stenosis (r 2 = 0.84). Finally, we demonstrate that a coronary stenosis on the LAD can be visualized as well as its associated flow acceleration.

中文翻译：

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使用3D超快多普勒冠状动脉造影对冠状动脉血流进行定量成像

在临床实践中使用非侵入性，非电离成像工具评估冠状动脉流速仍然很复杂。在这项研究中，我们介绍了3D超快多普勒冠状动脉造影（3D UDCA），这是一种基于超声的方法，可以以高容积率和单个心跳评估三维中的冠状动脉血流。我们证明了3D UDCA可以可视化具有高时间和空间分辨率的冠状动脉血管，并量化绝对流量。该技术的可行性在开胸猪模型中得到了证明。通过3D UDCA评估的左前降动脉（LAD）流量在舒张早期和舒张晚期阶段成功重建，并与基线，反应性充血和冠状动脉狭窄（r 2 = 0.84）。最后，