Probiotics are effective to rectify the imbalanced gut microbiota in the diseased cohorts. Two Bifidobacterium strains (LI09 and LI10) were found to alleviate D-galactosamine-induced liver damage (LD) in rats in our previous work. A series of bioinformatic and statistical analyses were performed to determine the vital bacteria in the gut microbiotas altered by the LI09 or LI10 in rats. Two groups of representative phylotypes could distinguish the gut microbiotas of LI09 or LI10 groups from the other groups. Among them, OTU170_Porphyromonadaceae acted as a gatekeeper in LI09 group, while OTU12_Bacteroides was determined with multiple correlations in the gut network of LI10 group. Multiple reduced OTUs associated with LC and increased OTUs associated with health were determined in LI09 or LI10 groups, among which, increased OTU51_Barnesiella and reduced OTU99_Barnesiella could be associated with the protective effects of both the two probiotics. The gut microbiotas in LI09, LI10 and positive control groups were clustered into three clusters, i.e., Cluster_1_Microbiota, Cluster_2_Microbiota and Cluster_3_Microbiota, by Partition Around Medoids clustering analysis. Cluster_2_Microbiota was determined at least dysbiotic status due to its greatest LD dysbiosis ratio, lowest levels of liver function variables and plasma cytokines compared with the two other clustered microbiotas, suggesting the treated rats in Cluster_2 were at better health status. Our findings suggest that OTU170_Porphyromonadaceae and OTU12_Bacteroides are vital in the gut microbiotas altered by LI09 and LI10. Characteristics of the LD cohorts treated by LI09 or LI10 at different gut microbial colonization states could help monitor the cohorts’ health status.

中文翻译：

---

两种益生菌双歧杆菌菌株改变了肠道微生物区系的重要成员，从而抵抗了大鼠的肝损伤。

益生菌可有效纠正患病人群中肠道菌群失衡。在我们先前的研究中，发现两种双歧杆菌菌株（LI09和LI10）可减轻D-半乳糖胺诱导的大鼠肝损伤（LD）。进行了一系列的生物信息学和统计分析，以确定大鼠中由LI09或LI10改变的肠道菌群中的重要细菌。两组具有代表性的系统型可以将LI09或LI10组的肠道菌群与其他组区分开。其中，OTU170_Porphyromonadaceae是LI09组的关守，而OTU12_Bacteroides是在LI10组的肠道网络中具有多重相关性的。在LI09或LI10组中确定了与LC相关的多个OTU降低和与健康相关的OTU升高，其中，OTU51_Barnesiella的增加和OTU99_Barnesiella的减少可能与这两种益生菌的保护作用有关。LI09，LI10和阳性对照组的肠道菌群通过围绕类群的分区聚类分析被聚类为三个簇，即Cluster_1_Microbiota，Cluster_2_Microbiota和Cluster_3_Microbiota。与其他两个群集微生物相比，Cluster_2_Microbiota被确定为至少具有不良生物状态，这是由于其最大的LD代谢障碍率，最低的肝功能变量和血浆细胞因子水平，表明Cluster_2_Microbiota处于健康状态。我们的研究结果表明，OTU170_Porphyromonadaceae和OTU12_Bacteroides在由LI09和LI10改变的肠道菌群中至关重要。