A compact composite right/left-handed (CRLH)-based dualband rectenna is proposed for electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesting at the operating frequencies of Wi-Fi (2.5 GHz) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) (3.6 GHz) bands. The rectenna consists of a dual-band antenna and dual-band rectifier. The antenna is realized in a microstrip topology using a balanced CRLH transmission line (TL) with an open termination. It measures 0.36 # 0.2 # 0.00049 mo (mo is the free-space guided wavelength) at 2.5 GHz and operates at 2.5 and 3.6 GHz, with an operating bandwidth of 4.75 and 3.3%, respectively, and a peak gain of 2.6 decibels relative to isotropic (dBi) at 2.5 GHz and 1.6 dBi at 3.6 GHz. The dual-band rectifier is designed using a novel CRLH-based microstrip topology composed of microstrip lines and lumped components. The overall rectifier volume is 0.3 # 0.2 # 0.0005 mo at 2.5 GHz. The measured radio-frequency (RF)?dc conversion efficiency is more than 59% at 2.5 GHz and 41% at 3.6 GHz, for an input power of 2 dB milliwatts (dBm) in both cases.

中文翻译：

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基于紧凑型双频超材料的高效整流天线：环境电磁能量收集的应用

提出了一种基于紧凑型复合右手/左手 (CRLH) 的双频整流天线，用于在 Wi-Fi (2.5 GHz) 和全球微波接入互操作性 (WiMAX) (3.6 GHz) 频段的工作频率下收集电磁 (EM) 能量. 整流天线由双频天线和双频整流器组成。天线是在微带拓扑中实现的，使用具有开放终端的平衡 CRLH 传输线 (TL)。它在 2.5 GHz 下测量为 0.36 # 0.2 # 0.00049 mo（mo 是自由空间导波波长），工作频率为 2.5 和 3.6 GHz，工作带宽分别为 4.75% 和 3.3%，峰值增益相对于 2.6 分贝2.5 GHz 时的各向同性 (dBi) 和 3.6 GHz 时的 1.6 dBi。双频整流器采用由微带线和集总元件组成的新型基于 CRLH 的微带拓扑设计。整体整流器体积为 0.3 # 0.2 # 0.0005 mo 在 2.5 GHz。在两种情况下，对于 2 dB 毫瓦 (dBm) 的输入功率，测得的射频 (RF) 直流转换效率在 2.5 GHz 和 3.6 GHz 时分别超过 59% 和 41%。