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Entomopathogenic nematodes as potential biocontrol agents against Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Biocontrol Science and Technology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-05 , DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2020.1775177
Giulia Torrini 1 , Giuseppe Mazza 1 , Claudia Benvenuti 1 , Stefania Simoncini 1 , Silvia Landi 1 , Riccardo Frosinini 1 , Andrea Rocchini 1 , Pio Federico Roversi 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT The olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae is one of the most serious and economically damaging insects worldwide, affecting the quality and quantity of both olive oil and table olives. Third instar larvae and pupae of several Tephritidae flies were reported to be susceptible to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), but few studies have been carried out on the olive fruit fly. Laboratory assays were conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of B. oleae larvae and pupae to two commercial EPN species, Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and two indigenous Italian strains of H. bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae. Moreover, an olive assay in the soil was performed to evaluate the capability of EPN strains to enter inside the olive fruits and interact with B. oleae during the pupal stage or the emergence of adults in the winter diapause. The susceptibility assays with B. oleae were performed in well plates, filled with sterile soil (n = 30 for each EPN strain and insect stage). Adult emergence and mortality were recorded daily for 15 days. Dead pupae and adults were dissected to assess nematode infection. The most noteworthy result was obtained with S. feltiae which was able to infect more than 80% of larvae and it killed the pupae inside olive fruits and the adults during their emergence with the same efficacy. Since this Tephritidae fly spends several months in the soil, the use of EPNs, in particular, S. feltiae may represent a promising method to control this pest.

中文翻译:

昆虫病原线虫作为针对油蜡实蝇(双翅目:实蝇科)的潜在生物防治剂

摘要 橄榄果蝇 Bactrocera oleae 是世界范围内最严重和最具经济破坏性的昆虫之一,影响橄榄油和食用橄榄的质量和数量。据报道,几种实蝇科苍蝇的三龄幼虫和蛹易受昆虫病原线虫 (EPN) 的影响,但对橄榄果蝇的研究很少。进行了实验室检测,以评估 B. oleae 幼虫和蛹对两种商业 EPN 物种、Steinernema Feeliae 和 Heterorhabditis bacteriophora 以及两种意大利本土菌株 H. bacteriophora 和 Steinernema carpocapsae 的敏感性。此外,还对土壤中的橄榄进行了测定,以评估 EPN 菌株进入橄榄果实内部并与 B. oleae 在蛹期或在冬季滞育中成虫出现。B. oleae 的敏感性测定在充满无菌土壤的孔板中进行(每个 EPN 菌株和昆虫阶段 n = 30)。每天记录成虫出现和死亡率,持续 15 天。解剖死蛹和成虫以评估线虫感染。最值得一提的结果是用 S. Feeliae 获得的,它能够感染超过 80% 的幼虫,它在橄榄果实和成虫出现期间以相同的功效杀死里面的蛹。由于这种实蝇科苍蝇在土壤中停留数月,因此使用 EPN,特别是 S. Feeliae 可能是控制这种害虫的一种很有前途的方法。充满无菌土壤(每个 EPN 菌株和昆虫阶段 n = 30)。每天记录成虫出现和死亡率,持续 15 天。解剖死蛹和成虫以评估线虫感染。最值得一提的结果是用 S. Feeliae 获得的,它能够感染超过 80% 的幼虫,它在橄榄果实和成虫出现期间以相同的功效杀死里面的蛹。由于这种实蝇科苍蝇在土壤中停留数月,因此使用 EPN,特别是 S. Feeliae 可能是控制这种害虫的一种很有前途的方法。充满无菌土壤(每个 EPN 菌株和昆虫阶段 n = 30)。每天记录成虫出现和死亡率,持续 15 天。解剖死蛹和成虫以评估线虫感染。最值得一提的结果是用 S. Feeliae 获得的,它能够感染超过 80% 的幼虫,它在橄榄果实和成虫出现期间以相同的功效杀死里面的蛹。由于这种实蝇科苍蝇在土壤中停留数月,因此使用 EPN,特别是 S. Feeliae 可能是控制这种害虫的一种很有前途的方法。Feeliae 能够感染超过 80% 的幼虫,并在橄榄果实和成虫出现期间以相同的功效杀死里面的蛹。由于这种实蝇科苍蝇在土壤中停留数月,因此使用 EPN,特别是 S. Feeliae 可能是控制这种害虫的一种很有前途的方法。Feeliae 能够感染超过 80% 的幼虫,并在橄榄果实和成虫出现期间以相同的功效杀死里面的蛹。由于这种实蝇科苍蝇在土壤中停留数月,因此使用 EPN,特别是 S. Feeliae 可能是控制这种害虫的一种很有前途的方法。
更新日期:2020-06-05
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