ABSTRACT

This work presents an updated overview of waste lubricant oil (WLO) management practices in Europe to promote a circular economy. The characteristics of virgin and waste oil, their hazardous properties and the impacts of improper disposal are addressed. Current treatment routes and regeneration technologies adopted in Europe are presented. An overview of life cycle assessment (LCA) of WLO management strategies are summarized. Finally, future developments and concerns about the regeneration process are discussed. The current objectives of European Union toward a circular economy represent a challenge for Member States which must maximize the collection and recycling rates. EU management indicators show an overwhelming trend for recycling. However, there is a competition between recycling by regeneration to produce base oil and reprocessing for energy recovery. EU legislation states that priority should be given to options that provide better overall environmental outcome. However, LCA studies, are not unanimous about regeneration being the soundest environmental option. Other factors such as lubricant market, energy consumption, distance to treatment facilities, operation costs and product quality should be accounted for. Selective segregation of WLO is extremely important to increase the regeneration rate and obtain high-quality base-stocks. However, this means a significant increase in the collection costs.

摘要

这项工作提供了欧洲废润滑油 (WLO) 管理实践的最新概述，以促进循环经济。讨论了新油和废油的特性、它们的危险特性以及处置不当的影响。介绍了欧洲目前采用的处理路线和再生技术。概述了 WLO 管理策略的生命周期评估 (LCA)。最后，讨论了关于再生过程的未来发展和关注。欧盟目前的循环经济目标对成员国来说是一个挑战，成员国必须最大限度地提高收集和回收率。欧盟管理指标显示了回收利用的压倒性趋势。然而，通过再生回收以生产基础油和再加工以回收能源之间存在竞争。欧盟立法规定，应优先考虑提供更好的整体环境结果的选项。然而，LCA 研究并没有一致认为再生是最合理的环境选择。其他因素，如润滑油市场、能源消耗、到处理设施的距离、运营成本和产品质量等都应考虑在内。WLO 的选择性分离对于提高再生率和获得高质量的基础油极为重要。然而，这意味着收集成本的显着增加。对再生是最合理的环境选择的看法不一致。其他因素，如润滑油市场、能源消耗、到处理设施的距离、运营成本和产品质量等都应考虑在内。WLO 的选择性分离对于提高再生率和获得高质量的基础油极为重要。然而，这意味着收集成本的显着增加。对再生是最合理的环境选择的看法不一。其他因素，如润滑油市场、能源消耗、到处理设施的距离、运营成本和产品质量等都应考虑在内。WLO 的选择性分离对于提高再生率和获得高质量的基础油极为重要。然而，这意味着收集成本的显着增加。