Abstract This experiment is based on the 7-year-old dwarf and densely planted pear jujube in northern Shaanxi. The effects of applying organic fertilizer on water use, photosynthetic characteristics, and fruit quality of pear jujube are studied. The test has been carried out for two consecutive years. The results showed that fertilization treatments could promote soil moisture retention and utilization. Compared with the control (CK) in 2011, the average soil water content (SWC) of soybean cake fertilizer (SC) and sheep manure (SM) increased by 3.69 and 3.18 percentage points, respectively. The effect of SC on chlorophyll content was most significant. Fertilization can effectively improve the canopy structure of pear jujube. The transmittance of SC and SM decreased by 20.20% and 17.38%, respectively, in 2012. The gap scores were opposite to the leaf area index (LAI). Continuous application of organic fertilizer can significantly increase the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of pear jujube. The instantaneous water use efficiency of chemical fertilizer (CF), SC, SM, and biogas fertilizer (BM) increased by 0.44, 1.33, 0.96, and 0.61 percentage points, respectively. Organic fertilizer effectively increased the fruit setting rate, yield, and quality of fruits. After fertilization for two consecutive years, the quality of pear jujube fruit improved significantly. It indicated that long-term fertilization could effectively promote the growth and development, increase yield, and significantly improve the fruit quality of pear jujube in the loess hilly region of northern Shaanxi. The effect of soybean cake fertilizer was the most significant.

中文翻译：

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有机肥对陕北梨枣水分利用、光合特性及果实品质的影响

摘要 本试验以陕北7年生矮化密植梨枣为试验材料。研究了施有机肥对梨枣水分利用、光合特性及果实品质的影响。该测试已连续进行两年。结果表明，施肥处理能促进土壤水分保持和利用。与2011年对照（CK）相比，豆饼肥（SC）和羊粪（SM）的平均土壤含水量（SWC）分别提高了3.69和3.18个百分点。SC对叶绿素含量的影响最为显着。施肥可有效改善梨枣树冠结构。SC和SM的透光率在2012年分别下降了20.20%和17.38%。间隙分数与叶面积指数（LAI）相反。连续施用有机肥可显着提高梨枣的净光合速率和气孔导度。化肥（CF）、SC、SM和沼肥（BM）瞬时水分利用效率分别提高0.44、1.33、0.96和0.61个百分点。有机肥有效提高了果实坐果率、产量和品质。连续施肥两年后，梨枣果实品质明显提高。说明长期施肥可有效促进陕北黄土丘陵地区梨枣的生长发育，提高产量，显着改善梨枣果实品质。豆饼肥的效果最为显着。