The giant, high-grade Resolution porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in the Superior district of Arizona is hosted in Proterozoic and Paleozoic basement and in an overlying Cretaceous volcaniclastic breccia and sandstone package. Resolution has a central domain of potassic alteration that extends more than 1 km outboard of the ore zone, overlapping with a propylitic halo characterized by epidote, chlorite, and pyrite that is particularly well developed in the Laramide volcaniclastic rocks and Proterozoic dolerite sills. The potassic and propylitic assemblages were overprinted in the upper parts of the deposit by intense phyllic and advanced argillic alteration. The district was disrupted by Tertiary Basin and Range extension, and the fault block containing Resolution and its Cretaceous host succession was buried under thick mid-Miocene dacitic volcanic cover, obscuring the geologic, geophysical, and geochemical footprint of the deposit. To test the potential of propylitic mineral chemistry analyses to aid in the detection of concealed porphyry deposits, a blind test was conducted using a suite of epidote-chlorite ± pyrite-altered Laramide volcaniclastic rocks and Proterozoic dolerites collected from the propylitic halo, with samples taken from two domains located to the north and south and above the Resolution ore zone. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) data of epidote provided indications of deposit fertility and proximity. Competition for chalcophile elements (As, Sb, Pb) between coexisting pyrite and epidote grains led to a subdued As-Sb fertility response in epidote, consistent with epidote collected between 0.7 and 1.5 km from the center of a large porphyry deposit. Temperature-sensitive trace elements in chlorite provided coherent spatial zonation patterns, implying a heat source centered at depth between the two sample clusters, and application of chlorite proximitor calculations based on LA-ICP-MS analyses provided a precisely defined drill target in this location in three dimensions. Drilling of this target would have resulted in the discovery of Resolution, confirming that epidote and chlorite mineral chemistry can potentially add value to porphyry exploration under cover.

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使用矿物化学辅助勘探：亚利桑那州分辨率斑岩铜钼矿床的案例研究

亚利桑那州苏必利尔地区巨大的高品位分辨率斑岩铜钼矿床位于元古代和古生界基底以及上覆的白垩纪火山碎屑角砾岩和砂岩包中。分辨率有一个钾质蚀变的中心区域，延伸到矿带外侧 1 公里以上，与以绿帘石、绿泥石和黄铁矿为特征的青色岩晕重叠，特别是在 Laramide 火山碎屑岩和元古代辉绿岩窗台中发育。钾质和青质岩组合被强烈的叶状和高级泥质蚀变覆盖在矿床的上部。该地区受到第三纪盆地和山脉伸展的破坏，包含Resolution及其白垩纪宿主序列的断块被掩埋在厚厚的中中新世英安岩火山盖下，掩盖矿床的地质、地球物理和地球化学足迹。为了测试青岩矿物化学分析在帮助探测隐蔽斑岩矿床方面的潜力，使用一套绿帘石-绿泥石±黄铁矿改变的 Laramide 火山碎屑岩和从青岩晕中收集的元古代辉绿岩进行了一次盲测，并采集了样品来自位于北部和南部以及分辨率矿带上方的两个区域。绿帘石的激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱 (LA-ICP-MS) 数据提供了沉积物富集性和接近度的迹象。共存的黄铁矿和绿帘石颗粒之间对亲硫元素（As、Sb、Pb）的竞争导致绿帘石中 As-Sb 生育力反应减弱，这与在 0.7 和 1 之间收集的绿帘石一致。距大型斑岩矿床中心 5 公里。绿泥石中对温度敏感的痕量元素提供了连贯的空间分带模式，这意味着热源集中在两个样品簇之间的深度，并且基于 LA-ICP-MS 分析的绿泥石近端计算的应用在该位置提供了一个精确定义的钻探目标三个维度。对这个目标的钻探将导致分辨率的发现，证实绿帘石和绿泥石矿物化学可以潜在地增加隐藏的斑岩勘探价值。和基于 LA-ICP-MS 分析的亚氯酸盐前体计算的应用在三个维度上提供了该位置的精确定义的钻探目标。对这个目标的钻探将导致分辨率的发现，证实绿帘石和绿泥石矿物化学可以潜在地增加隐藏的斑岩勘探价值。和基于 LA-ICP-MS 分析的亚氯酸盐前体计算的应用在三个维度上提供了在该位置精确定义的钻探目标。对这个目标的钻探将导致分辨率的发现，证实绿帘石和绿泥石矿物化学可以潜在地增加隐藏的斑岩勘探价值。