Modified starch is widely used in pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences. Various modifications such as functionalization, reorganization of the structure, or depolymerization may be used to tune ionicity, hydrophilicity, mucoadhesion, susceptibility to amylolysis by α‐amylase, or porosity. These chemical, physical, or enzymatic modifications modulate and adapt the properties of starches to different usages as tablet excipients, drug carriers, transdermal patches, injectables, wound dressing materials, transient embolizants, scaffolds, and stents. Through an understanding of the starch structure, this Review aims to aid the design of new starch materials for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. The correlation between structure and properties is analyzed and various phenomena are discussed from this perspective, with particular eye toward the envisaged functionality of new starch‐based materials.

中文翻译：

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医药和生物医学应用改性淀粉的结构-功能关系

改性淀粉广泛用于制药和生物医学领域。可以使用各种修饰，例如功能化，结构重组或解聚来调节离子性，亲水性，粘膜粘附性，α-淀粉酶对淀粉分解的敏感性或孔隙率。这些化学，物理或酶促修饰作用可调节淀粉的特性并使淀粉的特性适应于不同的用途，例如片剂赋形剂，药物载体，透皮贴剂，注射剂，伤口包扎材料，暂时性栓塞剂，支架和支架。通过对淀粉结构的理解，本综述旨在帮助设计用于生物医学和制药应用的新型淀粉材料。从这个角度分析了结构和特性之间的相关性，并讨论了各种现象，