Crop rotation adoption in no‐tillage systems (NTS) has been recommended to increase the biological activity and soil aggregation, suppress soil and plant pathogens, and increase the productivity aiming at the sustainability of agricultural areas. In this context, this study aimed to assess the effect of crop rotation on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community and soil aggregation in a soil cultivated for nine years under NTS. Treatments consisted of combinations of three summer crop sequences and seven winter crops. Summer crop sequences consisted of corn (Zea mays L.) monoculture, soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) monoculture, and soybean–corn rotation. Winter crops consisted of corn, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke). Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0–0.10 m for analyses of soil chemical, physical, and biological attributes. Spore abundance, total glomalin, and soil aggregate stability index were higher in the soil under corn monoculture. The highest values of aggregate mean weight diameter were observed in the soybean–corn rotation (3.78 mm) and corn monoculture (3.70 mm), both differing from soybean monoculture (3.15 mm), while winter crops showed significant differences only between sorghum (3.96 mm) and pigeon pea (3.25 mm). Two processes were identified in the soil under summer crop sequences. The first process was observed in PC1 (spore abundance, total glomalin, easily extractable glomalin, pH, P, and Mg²⁺) and was related to AMF; the second process occurred in PC2 (aggregate mean weight diameter, soil aggregate stability index, K⁺, and organic matter) and was related to soil aggregation. The nine‐year no‐tillage system under the same crop rotation adoption influenced AMF abundance in the soil, especially with corn cultivation in the summer crop sequence, which promoted an increased total external mycelium length and number of spores of AMF. In addition, it favored an increased soil organic matter content, which is directly related to the formation and stability of soil aggregates in these managements.

中文翻译：

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轮作免耕系统中的丛枝菌根真菌和土壤聚集

建议在免耕系统（NTS）中采用轮作以增加生物活性和土壤聚集，抑制土壤和植物病原体，并提高生产率，以实现农业地区的可持续性。在这种情况下，本研究旨在评估轮作对NTS种植9年的土壤中丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）群落和土壤聚集的影响。处理包括三种夏季作物序列和七种冬季作物的组合。夏季作物序列包括玉米（Zea mays L.）单一栽培，大豆（Glycine max L. Merrill）单一栽培和大豆-玉米轮作。冬季作物包括玉米，高粱（高粱）。向日葵，sun麻（Crotalaria juncea L.），木豆（Cajanus cajan（L.）Millsp。），油菜萝卜（Raphanus sativus L.）和小米（Penisesetum americanum（L.）Leeke）。在0-0.10 m的深度处收集土壤样品，以分析土壤的化学，物理和生物学特性。玉米单作后土壤中的孢子丰度，总胶质蛋白和土壤团聚体稳定性指数较高。在大豆-玉米轮作（3.78 mm）和玉米单作（3.70 mm）中观察到总平均重径的最大值，两者均不同于大豆单作（3.15 mm），而冬季作物仅在高粱（3.96 mm）之间表现出显着差异。 ）和木豆（3.25毫米）。在夏季作物序列下，在土壤中发现了两个过程。在PC1中观察到第一个过程（孢子丰度，总glomalin，易提取的glomalin，pH，P和Mg ²⁺），并且与AMF有关；第二个过程发生在PC2中（聚集平均重径，土壤聚集稳定性指数，K ⁺和有机质），并且与土壤聚集有关。在相同轮作方式下的九年免耕制度影响了土壤中的AMF丰度，特别是在夏季作物种植玉米时，这促进了总外部菌丝体长度和AMF孢子数量的增加。此外，它支持增加土壤有机质含量，这与这些管理中土壤团聚体的形成和稳定性直接相关。