The occurrence and fate of antibiotic in the environment is an uttermost concern due to development of resistant gene and lowering effect of antibiotic on diseases. In India itself, the problem is intense due to extensive & uncontrolled use of drugs at different medical facilities. They get mixed up with ground and surface water due to lack of proper treatment of hospital wastewater before discharging it. As it contains high concentration of antibiotics, drug residues along with certain heavy metals. The contamination due to this is not only limited to water but affects whole ecosystem severely. The concentration of these antibiotics depends upon various factors such as a characteristic of water and soil, irrational water source, cropping forms, seasonal variation of medicines. Many investigations on the toxicity of these antibiotics and their traces in aquatic environment pose serious threats. If we compare treatments with respect to different drugs then we observe that iodinated contrast media shows better removal efficiency in an MBR with UV about 66% of total load and 99% for all other drugs. It can be concluded from this study that use of about 23 mg/L of packed activate carbon with 1.08 g O₃/g of DOC with 2400 J/m² UV will be best for achieving high efficiency in drugs removal.

In this paper, our main objective was to review the occurrences and fate of common drugs and antibiotics present in effluents from hospital wastewaters. These effluents get mixed up the others streams of water and are used in various purposes like irrigation and other domestic activities, thus making the situation more complex. The conventional adopted treatment techniques for these hospital effluents are also discussed in detail.

由于抗性基因的发展和抗生素对疾病的降低作用，环境中抗生素的发生和命运是最令人关注的问题。在印度本身，由于在不同的医疗机构广泛且不受控制地使用毒品，这一问题非常严重。由于缺乏对医院废水的适当处理，在排放废水之前，它们与地下水和地表水混合在一起。由于它含有高浓度的抗生素，药物残留以及某些重金属。由此造成的污染不仅限于水，而且会严重影响整个生态系统。这些抗生素的浓度取决于各种因素，例如水和土壤的特性，不合理的水源，作物的形式，药物的季节性变化。对这些抗生素的毒性及其在水生环境中的痕迹的许多研究都构成了严重的威胁。如果我们比较不同药物的治疗方法，那么我们观察到碘化造影剂在MBR中表现出更好的去除效率，其中UV占总负荷的66％，所有其他药物的99％。从这项研究可以得出结论，使用约23 mg / L的填充活性炭和1.08 g O₃ / g DOC和2400 J / m ²紫外线将是实现高效药物去除的最佳选择。

在本文中，我们的主要目的是回顾医院废水中常见的药物和抗生素的发生情况和命运。这些废水与其他水混合在一起，被用于灌溉和其他家庭活动等各种目的，从而使情况更加复杂。还详细讨论了这些医院污水采用的常规处理技术。