Topography, structure, and phase composition of surface layers of AISI 321 stainless steel textured by 1030-nm 320-fs-laser pulses were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Variation in single-pulse fluence and the number of pulses was found to change the laser-produced surface texture from one-dimensional quasi-periodic nanograting to microrelief of various roughness. It was shown that the nanograting formed in the spallation regime contained austenite, just as a non-irradiated steel surface, and ferrite. The redeposited oxide layers on the grating surface produced in the phase explosion regime with a thickness increasing versus single-pulse fluence were found to consist of austenite, ferrite, and Fe₃O₄. In case of high-fluence mode, the two-layer microporous oxide coating, consisting of Fe₃O₄ and Fe₂O₃ in addition to conventional phases, was detected. SEM studies showed that the submicrocrystalline structure of nano- and microsized ridges was preserved, except for the high-fluence mode.

通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析研究了AISI 321不锈钢表面层的形貌，结构和相组成，该表面由1030 nm 320 fs激光脉冲织构而成。发现单脉冲注量和脉冲数的变化将激光产生的表面纹理从一维准周期纳米光栅改变为各种粗糙度的微浮雕。结果表明，在散裂状态下形成的纳米光栅包含奥氏体（如未辐照的钢表面）和铁素体。发现在相爆炸状态下在光栅表面上产生的厚度随单脉冲通量增加而重新沉积的氧化物层由奥氏体，铁素体和Fe ₃ O _4组成。。在高通量模式的情况下，检测到由Fe ₃ O ₄和Fe ₂ O ₃以及常规相组成的两层微孔氧化物涂层。扫描电镜研究表明，除了高通量模式外，纳米和微型脊的亚微晶结构得以保留。