当前位置: X-MOL 学术Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Rate of active shortening across the southern thrust front of the Greater Caucasus in western Georgia from kinematic modeling of folded river terraces above a listric thrust
Earth and Planetary Science Letters ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116362
Charles C. Trexler , Eric Cowgill , Joel Q.G. Spencer , Tea Godoladze

Abstract Although the Greater Caucasus (GC) Mountains accommodate a significant fraction of orogen-perpendicular Arabia-Eurasia convergence at their longitude, the locations and slip rates of the active structures absorbing this shortening are poorly known. Here we report the first late Quaternary shortening rate for an active thrust in the GC determined from dating and reconstructing a deformed landform. In the Rioni basin along the southwestern flank of the GC, terraces along the Enguri River have been folded by the south-vergent Tsaishi anticline and record Quaternary shortening along the southernmost exposed frontal structure. Terrace surfaces are well preserved and together with underlying Mesozoic-to-Neogene strata clearly record folding. We use high-resolution topographic data from differential GPS surveys and bedding attitudes across the fold to construct a kinematic model that describes both the terrace deformation and finite shortening across the anticline recorded by the folded strata. We calculate that a deformed terrace records 106.1 +38.7/-36.4 m of slip since abandonment. Optically stimulated luminescence dating of quartz in a loess cap on this terrace indicates it was abandoned before 94.1 ± 12.8 ka, implying a geologic shortening rate of 1.09 +0.62/-0.43 mm/yr since ∼100 ka. This work confirms that the frontal structure of the Rioni fold-thrust belt is Quaternary-active, but has a rate that falls short of the regional geodetic shortening rate of 3-5 mm/yr. We infer that the missing late Quaternary shortening is accommodated by additional structures within the GC to the north. Folding of late Quaternary terraces and a possible coseismic scarp along the frontal structure of the GC together imply that structures in the western GC may be capable of coseismic rupture within and beneath the adjacent basin, in addition to blind ruptures within the main range such as the 1991 Racha earthquake. Thus, the GC system appears to be broadly analogous to the Himalaya, where the foreland fold-thrust belt connects by a shallow seismogenic detachment to structures beneath the main range. The geometry of this detachment may influence earthquake rupture initiation and propagation, potentially playing a significant role in the seismic hazard of the GC.

中文翻译:

通过对李斯特逆冲断层上方折叠河流阶地的运动学建模,在乔治亚州西部大高加索南部逆冲断层前缘的主动缩短率

摘要 尽管大高加索 (GC) 山脉在其经度处容纳了相当一部分的造山带垂直阿拉伯-欧亚辐合,但吸收这种缩短的活动构造的位置和滑动速率却知之甚少。在这里,我们报告了根据年代测定和重建变形地貌确定的 GC 中主动逆冲的第一个晚第四纪缩短率。在 GC 西南侧的 Rioni 盆地,Enguri 河沿岸的阶地被南向的 Tsaishi 背斜折叠,并沿着最南端暴露的锋面构造记录了第四纪缩短。台地表面保存完好,与下伏的中生代至新近系地层一起清楚地记录了褶皱。我们使用来自差分 GPS 测量的高分辨率地形数据和整个褶皱的层理姿态来构建一个运动学模型,该模型描述了褶皱地层记录的跨背斜的阶地变形和有限缩短。我们计算出一个变形的阶地自废弃以来记录了 106.1 +38.7/-36.4 m 的滑移。该阶地黄土盖层中石英的光学受激发光测年表明它在 94.1 ± 12.8 ka 之前被废弃,这意味着自 100 ka 以来地质缩短率为 1.09 +0.62/-0.43 mm/yr。这项工作证实了 Rioni 褶皱冲断带的锋面结构是第四纪活动的,但其速度低于 3-5 毫米/年的区域大地缩短率。我们推断缺失的晚第四纪缩短是由北部 GC 内的其他结构所容纳的。晚第四纪阶地的褶皱和沿 GC 前缘结构的可能同震陡坡一起表明,除了主要范围内的盲破裂外,GC 西部的构造可能能够在相邻盆地内部和下方发生同震破裂。 1991年拉查地震。因此,GC 系统似乎与喜马拉雅山大体相似,其中前陆褶皱冲断带通过浅层地震拆离与主要山脉下方的结构相连。这种分离的几何形状可能会影响地震破裂的发生和传播,可能在 GC 的地震危险中发挥重要作用。晚第四纪阶地的褶皱和沿 GC 前缘结构的可能同震陡坡一起表明,除了主要范围内的盲破裂外,GC 西部的构造可能能够在相邻盆地内部和下方发生同震破裂。 1991年拉查地震。因此,GC 系统似乎与喜马拉雅山大体相似,其中前陆褶皱冲断带通过浅层地震拆离与主要山脉下方的结构相连。这种分离的几何形状可能会影响地震破裂的发生和传播,可能在 GC 的地震危险中发挥重要作用。晚第四纪阶地的褶皱和沿 GC 前缘结构的可能同震陡坡一起表明,除了主要范围内的盲破裂外,GC 西部的构造可能能够在相邻盆地内部和下方发生同震破裂。 1991年拉查地震。因此,GC 系统似乎与喜马拉雅山大体相似,其中前陆褶皱冲断带通过浅层地震拆离与主要山脉下方的结构相连。这种分离的几何形状可能会影响地震破裂的发生和传播,可能在 GC 的地震危险中发挥重要作用。除了主要范围内的盲目破裂,例如 1991 年的拉恰地震。因此,GC 系统似乎与喜马拉雅山大体相似,其中前陆褶皱冲断带通过浅层地震拆离与主要山脉下方的结构相连。这种分离的几何形状可能会影响地震破裂的发生和传播,可能在 GC 的地震危险中发挥重要作用。除了主要范围内的盲目破裂,例如 1991 年的拉恰地震。因此,GC 系统似乎与喜马拉雅山大体相似,其中前陆褶皱冲断带通过浅层地震拆离与主要山脉下方的结构相连。这种分离的几何形状可能会影响地震破裂的发生和传播,可能在 GC 的地震危险中发挥重要作用。
更新日期:2020-08-01
down
wechat
bug