Abstract Prediction of vibrations generated by railway traffic experiences an increasing interest, as new lines are being constructed and planned in many countries. The paper proposes a numerical model to analyse a coupled vehicle–bridge–soil system, taking into account the most important phenomena affecting the structure, while at the same time being comparatively computationally efficient. Such model is useful in the early design phases of a project, when analysing a range of possible configurations or conducting parametric analysis is required. A simplified vehicle model, nonlinear wheel–rail interaction, a bridge structure modelled using the finite-element method and a semi-analytical model for layered soil are all introduced in the model. A pure time-domain solution procedure is used, utilizing lumped-parameter models (LPMs) for the soil–foundation system. Representation of the dynamic stiffness matrix using LPMs is investigated by analysing the cross-coupling between footings and a novel procedure necessary for computationally stable LPMs is introduced and utilized. Further, pure time-domain solution is compared with an iterative mixed-domain solution. Finally, to illustrate the capabilities of the model, analyses are carried out to determine the resulting maximum and minimum excitation limits resulting from wheel–rail interaction on a number of randomly generated uneven track profiles.

中文翻译：

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使用集总参数模型进行结构-土体相互作用的车-桥-土系统动力响应

摘要 随着许多国家正在建设和规划新线路，对铁路交通产生的振动的预测越来越受到关注。本文提出了一个数值模型来分析耦合的车辆-桥梁-土壤系统，同时考虑到影响结构的最重要的现象，同时具有相对的计算效率。当需要分析一系列可能的配置或进行参数分析时，此类模型在项目的早期设计阶段非常有用。模型中引入了简化的车辆模型、非线性轮轨相互作用、使用有限元方法建模的桥梁结构和层状土壤的半解析模型。使用纯时域求解程序，将集总参数模型 (LPM) 用于土基系统。通过分析基础之间的交叉耦合，研究了使用 LPM 表示动态刚度矩阵，并引入和利用了计算稳定 LPM 所需的新程序。此外，将纯时域解决方案与迭代混合域解决方案进行比较。最后，为了说明该模型的功能，我们进行了分析，以确定在许多随机生成的不平坦轨道轮廓上轮轨相互作用产生的最大和最小激励限制。将纯时域解决方案与迭代混合域解决方案进行比较。最后，为了说明该模型的功能，我们进行了分析，以确定在许多随机生成的不平坦轨道轮廓上轮轨相互作用产生的最大和最小激励限制。将纯时域解决方案与迭代混合域解决方案进行比较。最后，为了说明该模型的功能，我们进行了分析，以确定在许多随机生成的不平坦轨道轮廓上轮轨相互作用产生的最大和最小激励限制。