Decaturenol A (1), a new oxalicine related meroterpenoid, has been isolated from Penicillium decaturense RO050 along with seven known compounds (2–8). The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic data. The effects of isolated compounds (1–8) on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced cell death in HT22 hippocampal nerve cells and on the interleukin 10 (IL-10)-induced expression of CD163, a M2 phenotype marker, in human monocyte-derived macrophages were evaluated. While decaturenol A (1) exhibited a protective effect on ER stress-induced cell death in HT22 cells at 10 µM, on the other hand oxalicine A (7) showed cytotoxic activity (IC₅₀ = 5.9 µM). Additionally, decaturenol A (1), decaturins D (2), E (3), and B (4) inhibited the IL-10-induced expression of CD163 each at a concentration of 20 µg/mL.

Decaturenol A（1），一个新的相关oxalicine meroterpenoid，已经从分离青霉decaturense具有七个已知化合物（沿RO050 2 - 8）。通过光谱数据阐明了1的结构。分离的化合物（的影响1 - 8）上的内质网（ER）应激诱导的细胞死亡中海马HT22神经细胞和白细胞介素10（IL-10）CD163，一个M2的表型标记物的诱导表达，在人单核细胞评估了巨噬细胞。十氢萘酚A（1）对ER应激诱导的HT22细胞中10 µM的细胞死亡具有保护作用，而草酸辛酯A（7）显示出细胞毒活性（IC ₅₀  = 5.9 µM）。此外，十全醇A​​（1），十全蛋白D（2），E（3）和B（4）分别以20μg/ mL的浓度抑制IL-10诱导的CD163表达。