Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a leg disorder caused by the abnormal development of the tibia in fast-growing poultry. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) strains have been reported to have effects on increasing bone growth and improving osteoporosis in animals. However, whether L. rhamnosus JYLR-005 can improve bone growth in TD chickens remains unclear. In this study, we noted that L. rhamnosus JYLR-005 could not reduce the suppression of the production performance of TD broilers (p > 0.05) but had a slight protective effect on the broiler survival rate (χ² = 5.571, p = 0.062). However, for thiram-induced TD broiler chickens, L. rhamnosus JYLR-005 could promote tibia growth by increasing tibia-related parameters, including the tibia weight (day 11, p = 0.040), tibia length (day 15, p = 0.013), and tibia mean diameter (day 15, p = 0.035). Moreover, L. rhamnosus JYLR-005 supplementation improved the normal growth and development of the tibial growth plate by maintaining the morphological structure of the chondrocytes and restored the balance of calcium and phosphorus. Taken together, these findings provide a proof of principle that L. rhamnosus JYLR-005 may represent a therapeutic strategy to treat leg disease in chickens.

胫骨软骨发育不良（TD）是一种腿疾，由快速生长的家禽中胫骨的异常发育引起。据报道，鼠李糖乳杆菌（L. rhamnosus）菌株对增加动物骨骼生长和改善骨质疏松具有作用。然而，尚不确定鼠李糖乳杆菌JYLR-005是否可以改善TD鸡的骨生长。在这项研究中，我们注意到，鼠李糖乳杆菌JYLR-005不能降低TD肉鸡（生产性能抑制p  > 0.05），但对肉鸡成活率有轻微的保护作用（χ ²  = 5.571，p  = 0.062 ）。但是，对于由锡拉姆诱导的TD肉鸡，鼠李糖乳杆菌JYLR-005可通过增加与胫骨相关的参数来促进胫骨生长，这些参数包括胫骨重量（第11天，p  = 0.040），胫骨长度（第15天，p  = 0.013）和胫骨平均直径（第15天，p）  = 0.035）。此外，鼠李糖乳杆菌JYLR-005补充剂通过维持软骨细胞的形态结构并恢复钙和磷的平衡，改善了胫骨生长板的正常生长和发育。综上所述，这些发现提供了原理性证据，证明鼠李糖乳杆菌JYLR-005可能代表了治疗鸡腿病的治疗策略。