The mode selection and resource allocation are important issues in Device-to-Device (D2D) communication, which have been investigated in single Base Station (BS) cellular network. However, the joint problem of the base station selection, mode selection and resource allocation is a challenging issue. Because the mode selection, base station and resource allocation are inter-coupled with each other. The joint problem of D2D User Equipments (DUEs) mode selection, base station selection, channel allocation and power allocation remains an open problem. In this paper, the scenario with multiple BSs in D2D heterogeneous networks is considered, and the joint problem of DUEs mode selection, base station selection, channel allocation and power allocation is studied. The objective is to maximize the system energy efficiency. We consider the DUEs multiplex the cellular user uplink resource. Meanwhile, the constraint of the total transmission power of the DUEs, and the constraint of the load balancing of the BSs are considered. The joint problem of mode selection, base station selection and resource allocation is formulated. The formulated problem is a non-convex mixed-integer optimization problem. In order to handle the formulated problem, a joint mode selection, base station selection and resource allocation algorithm based on particle swarm optimization is proposed. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can improve the system energy efficiency and obtain the desired target.

中文翻译：

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D2D异构网络中的节能模式选择，基站选择和资源分配算法

模式选择和资源分配是设备到设备（D2D）通信中的重要问题，已经在单个基站（BS）蜂窝网络中进行了研究。然而，基站选择，模式选择和资源分配的共同问题是具有挑战性的问题。因为模式选择，基站和资源分配相互耦合。D2D用户设备（DUE）模式选择，基站选择，信道分配和功率分配的共同问题仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。本文考虑了D2D异构网络中具有多个基站的场景，研究了DUE的模式选择，基站选择，信道分配和功率分配的联合问题。目的是使系统能效最大化。我们考虑DUE对蜂窝用户上行资源进行复用。同时，考虑了DUE的总发送功率的约束和BS的负载平衡的约束。提出了模式选择，基站选择和资源分配的联合问题。公式化问题是非凸混合整数优化问题。为了解决提出的问题，提出了一种基于粒子群算法的联合模式选择，基站选择和资源分配算法。数值结果表明，该算法可以提高系统能效，并能达到预期的目标。提出了模式选择，基站选择和资源分配的联合问题。公式化问题是非凸混合整数优化问题。为了解决提出的问题，提出了一种基于粒子群算法的联合模式选择，基站选择和资源分配算法。数值结果表明，该算法可以提高系统能效，并能达到预期的目标。提出了模式选择，基站选择和资源分配的联合问题。公式化问题是非凸混合整数优化问题。为了解决提出的问题，提出了一种基于粒子群算法的联合模式选择，基站选择和资源分配算法。数值结果表明，该算法可以提高系统能效，并能达到预期的目标。