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Taxonomic shifts in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities with shade and soil nitrogen across conventionally managed and organic coffee agroecosystems.
Mycorrhiza ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00967-7
Laura Aldrich-Wolfe 1 , Katie L Black 2 , Eliza D L Hartmann 2 , W Gaya Shivega 2 , Logan C Schmaltz 2 , Riley D McGlynn 2 , Peter G Johnson 2 , Rebecca J Asheim Keller 2 , Stefanie N Vink 3
Affiliation  

The composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities should reflect not only responses to host and soil environments, but also differences in functional roles and costs vs. benefits among arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The coffee agroecosystem allows exploration of the effects of both light and soil fertility on AMF communities, because of the variation in shade and soil nutrients farmers generate through field management. We used high-throughput ITS2 sequencing to characterize the AMF communities of coffee roots in 25 fields in Costa Rica that ranged from organic management with high shade and no chemical fertilizers to conventionally managed fields with minimal shade and high N fertilization, and examined relationships between AMF communities and soil and shade parameters with partial correlations, NMDS, PERMANOVA, and partial least squares analysis. Gigasporaceae and Acaulosporaceae dominated coffee AMF communities in terms of relative abundance and richness, respectively. Gigasporaceae richness was greatest in conventionally managed fields, while Glomeraceae richness was greatest in organic fields. While total AMF richness and root colonization did not differ between organic and conventionally managed fields, AMF community composition did; these differences were correlated with soil nitrate and shade. OTUs differing in relative abundance between conventionally managed and organic fields segregated into four groups: Gigasporaceae associated with high light and nitrate availability, Acaulosporaceae with high light and low nitrate availability, Acaulosporaceae and a single relative of Rhizophagus fasciculatus with shade and low nitrate availability, and Claroideoglomus/Glomus with conventionally managed fields but uncorrelated with shade and soil variables. The association of closely related taxa with similar shade and light availabilities is consistent with phylogenetic trait conservatism in AM fungi.

中文翻译:

在传统管理和有机咖啡农业生态系统中,树荫和土壤氮在丛枝菌根真菌群落中发生的分类变化。

丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)群落的组成不仅应反映对寄主和土壤环境的反应,而且还应反映丛枝菌根真菌之间功能作用和成本与收益的差异。由于农民通过田间管理产生的阴影和土壤养分变化,因此咖啡农业生态系统允许探索光和土壤肥力对AMF群落的影响。我们使用高通量ITS2测序来表征哥斯达黎加25个田地中咖啡根的AMF群落,其范围从高阴影,无化肥的有机管理到最小阴影和高氮肥的常规管理田地,并研究了AMF之间的关系群落,土壤和阴影参数(具有部分相关性),NMDS,PERMANOVA,和偏最小二乘分析。就相对丰度和丰富度而言,长叶菊科和Ac草科分别主导了咖啡AMF群落。在常规管理的田间,长叶菊科的丰富度最大,而有机田中的虎耳草科的丰富度最大。有机和常规管理田间,AMF的总富集度和根部定植没有差异,AMF群落组成却有所不同。这些差异与土壤硝酸盐和阴影有关。常规管理的有机田和有机田之间的OTU相对不同,分为四个组:与高光和硝酸盐可利用性相关的长叶菊科,高光和硝酸盐可利用性较高的Ac草科,au科和单一的亲缘植物 就相对丰度和丰富度而言,长叶菊科和Ac草科分别主导了咖啡AMF群落。在常规管理的田地中,剑麻科的丰富度最大,而有机领域的虎耳草科的丰富度最大。有机和常规管理田间,AMF的总富集度和根部定植没有差异,而AMF群落组成却有所不同。这些差异与土壤硝酸盐和阴影有关。常规管理的有机田和有机田之间的OTU相对不同,分为四个组:与高光和硝酸盐可利用性相关的长叶菊科,高光和硝酸盐可利用性较高的Ac草科,au科和单一的亲缘植物 就相对丰度和丰富度而言,长叶菊科和Ac草科分别主导了咖啡AMF群落。在常规管理的田地中,剑麻科的丰富度最大,而有机田中的虎耳草科的丰富度最大。有机和常规管理田间,AMF的总富集度和根部定植没有差异,而AMF群落组成却有所不同。这些差异与土壤硝酸盐和阴影有关。常规管理的有机田和有机田之间的OTU相对不同,分为四个组:与高光和硝酸盐可利用性相关的长叶菊科,高光和硝酸盐可利用性较高的Ac草科,au科和单一的亲缘植物 在常规管理的田地中,剑麻科的丰富度最大,而有机田中的虎耳草科的丰富度最大。有机和常规管理田间,AMF的总富集度和根部定植没有差异,AMF群落组成却有所不同。这些差异与土壤硝酸盐和阴影有关。常规管理的有机田和有机田之间的OTU相对不同,分为四个组:与高光和硝酸盐可利用性相关的长叶菊科,高光和硝酸盐可利用性较高的Ac草科,au科和单一的亲缘植物 在常规管理的田地中,剑麻科的丰富度最大,而有机田中的虎耳草科的丰富度最大。有机和常规管理田间,AMF的总富集度和根部定植没有差异,而AMF群落组成却有所不同。这些差异与土壤硝酸盐和阴影有关。常规管理的有机田和有机田之间的OTU相对不同,分为四个组:与高光和硝酸盐可利用性相关的长叶菊科,高光和硝酸盐可利用性较高的Ac草科,au科和单一的亲缘植物 这些差异与土壤硝酸盐和阴影有关。常规管理的有机田和有机田之间的OTU相对不同,分为四个组:与高光和硝酸盐可利用性相关的长叶菊科,高光和硝酸盐可利用性较高的Ac草科,au科和单一的亲缘植物 这些差异与土壤硝酸盐和阴影有关。常规管理的有机田和有机田之间的OTU相对不同,分为四个组:与高光和硝酸盐可利用性相关的长叶菊科,高光和硝酸盐可利用性较高的Ac草科,au科和单一的亲缘植物根瘤菌(Rhizophagus fasciculatus)的阴影和硝酸盐利用率低,而Claroideoglomus / Glomus具有常规管理的土地,但与阴影和土壤变量无关。紧密相关的分类单元与相似的阴影和光照利用率的关联与AM真菌的系统发育性状保守性一致。
更新日期:2020-06-04
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