There has been an increasing global demand for more sustainable production systems, especially in what concerns goods produced from natural tropical forests. The lumber industry in the Brazilian Amazon region produces a significant volume of lumber, and as a consequence of frequent non-optimal procedures, considerable amounts of waste are generated. In order to optimize the timber production and to minimize the environmental damage associated with low yields of sawmills, two features are indispensable: the lumber yield and the quality of the logs. The aim of this research was to analyze the wood quality and lumber yield of logs of tree species harvested from natural stands in the Amazon rainforest. A total of 120 logs from 21 tree species were harvested from natural stands in the state of Pará, Brazil, and analyzed for wood quality. Out of these, 60 logs were evaluated for lumber yield. The most common defects found in the logs were flattening, surface cracks, and eccentricity of the pith. By means of the principal component analysis, the Mezilaurus itauba , Protium decandrum , and Caryocar villosum species stood out. The average lumber yield was 45%. The Bowdichia nitida and C. villosum species presented the highest yield values (average of 63%). There was a trend of correlation between the lumber yield and the quality of the logs. Based on the methodology used to analyze the quality of the logs, inferences can be made on the yield of the logging and, consequently, the sustainability of the timber industries in the Brazilian Amazon.

中文翻译：

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亚马逊地区木材生产的挑战：锯木厂可持续性、加工产量和原木质量之间的关系

全球对更可持续的生产系统的需求不断增加，特别是在涉及天然热带森林生产的产品方面。巴西亚马逊地区的木材工业生产大量木材，并且由于频繁的非最佳程序，产生了大量废物。为了优化木材生产并尽量减少锯木厂产量低下对环境的破坏，两个特征必不可少：木材产量和原木质量。本研究的目的是分析从亚马逊雨林天然林分收获的树种原木的木材质量和木材产量。从巴西帕拉州的天然林分收获了 21 种树种的 120 根原木，并分析了木材质量。其中，评估了 60 根原木的木材产量。原木中最常见的缺陷是压扁、表面裂纹和髓心偏心。通过主成分分析，Mezilaurus itauba、Protium decandrum 和 Caryocar villosum 物种脱颖而出。平均木材产量为 45%。Bowdichia nitida 和 C. villosum 物种的产量值最高（平均为 63%）。木材产量与原木质量之间存在相关性趋势。根据用于分析原木质量的方法，可以推断伐木的产量，从而推断巴西亚马逊地区木材工业的可持续性。通过主成分分析，Mezilaurus itauba、Protium decandrum 和 Caryocar villosum 物种脱颖而出。平均木材产量为 45%。Bowdichia nitida 和 C. villosum 物种的产量值最高（平均为 63%）。木材产量与原木质量之间存在相关性趋势。根据用于分析原木质量的方法，可以推断伐木的产量，从而推断巴西亚马逊地区木材工业的可持续性。通过主成分分析，Mezilaurus itauba、Protium decandrum 和 Caryocar villosum 物种脱颖而出。平均木材产量为 45%。Bowdichia nitida 和 C. villosum 物种的产量值最高（平均为 63%）。木材产量与原木质量之间存在相关性趋势。根据用于分析原木质量的方法，可以推断伐木的产量，从而推断巴西亚马逊地区木材工业的可持续性。木材产量与原木质量之间存在相关性趋势。根据用于分析原木质量的方法，可以推断伐木的产量，从而推断巴西亚马逊地区木材工业的可持续性。木材产量与原木质量之间存在相关性趋势。根据用于分析原木质量的方法，可以推断伐木的产量，从而推断巴西亚马逊地区木材工业的可持续性。