Abstract

Currently, the molecular characteristics of the occurrence and course of neurodegenerative diseases, which are among the most serious and still incurable illnesses, remain to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the search for novel medicines for the removal, relief, or postponement of symptoms in these pathologies remains relevant. In view of the complexity of undertaking this research in human, the identification of genes associated with developing neurodegenerative changes and the study of their functions in different (neuronal and glial) tissues and at different stages of ontogenesis are carried out in model systems. Drosophila melanogaster is one of the best and available objects for the identification of molecular genetic mechanisms underlying the development of neurodegeneration as well as for the initial tests of novel compounds with neuroprotective properties. This article discusses the methods of genetic analysis in Drosophila, the use of D. melanogaster as a model of human neurodegenerative disorders, and a possibility of using its model as test systems for the study of potential neuroprotectors.

中文翻译：

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果蝇果蝇作为人类神经病和神经保护剂测试的模型系统

摘要

目前，神经退行性疾病的发生和发展过程的分子特征是最严重且仍无法治愈的疾病之一，仍有待充分阐明。因此，寻找用于消除，缓解或延缓这些病理症状的新药仍然很重要。鉴于在人类中进行这项研究的复杂性，在模型系统中进行了与神经退行性变化发展相关的基因的鉴定以及它们在不同（神经元和神经胶质）组织中以及在不同本体发育阶段的功能的研究。果蝇是鉴定潜在的神经退行性发展的分子遗传机制以及对具有神经保护特性的新型化合物进行初步测试的最佳方法之一。本文讨论了果蝇中的遗传分析方法，黑腹果蝇作为人类神经退行性疾病模型的用途，以及将其模型用作研究潜在神经保护剂的测试系统的可能性。