Objective: A meta-analysis was carried out to determine whether there are sex differences among children and adolescents with ADHD on the primary symptoms of ADHD and on executive and attentional functioning. Method: Studies published from 1997 to 2017 comparing boys and girls with a valid ADHD diagnosis were retained. Results: The meta-analysis found boys with ADHD to be more hyperactive than girls with ADHD and boys to have more difficulties in terms of motor response inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Results also confirm that youths with ADHD have more executive deficits than non-ADHD peers have, but there is no sex difference in this regard. Conclusion: Results show that there are sex differences in the behavioral expression of the difficulties related to ADHD. This highlights the importance of pursuing research to refine the profile of girls with ADHD and to develop diagnostic criteria adapted to each sex.

目的：进行荟萃分析以确定 ADHD 儿童和青少年在 ADHD 的主要症状以及执行和注意功能方面是否存在性别差异。方法：保留了 1997 年至 2017 年发表的比较具有有效 ADHD 诊断的男孩和女孩的研究。结果：荟萃分析发现，多动症男孩比多动症女孩更活跃，男孩在运动反应抑制和认知灵活性方面有更多困难。结果还证实，患有多动症的年轻人比非多动症同龄人有更多的执行缺陷，但在这方面没有性别差异。结论：结果表明，与多动症相关的困难的行为表达存在性别差异。这凸显了进行研究以改善患有多动症的女孩的概况并制定适合每个性别的诊断标准的重要性。