Radiotherapy (RT) plays a diverse and essential role in the contemporary management of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and remains the single most powerful monotherapeutic intervention for both aggressive and indolent subtypes. Over the past decade, there have been significant advancements in radiation oncology practice, which have made modern treatments safer and more conformal. Despite this sophistication and evidence supporting a continued role for RT, numerous data suggest that utilization is on the decline. In this review, we discuss the rationale for RT in 4 commonly encountered scenarios: combined modality therapy for limited-stage aggressive NHL, consolidation therapy for advanced-stage aggressive NHL, and the changing roles of salvage RT for relapsed/refractory NHL in an era of new frontiers such as cellular therapies. We also evaluate current strategies to treat indolent histologies. We conclude with perspectives on how RT for the hematological malignancies may continue to evolve.

放射治疗( RT ) 在非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的当代管理中发挥着多样化和重要的作用，并且仍然是侵袭性和惰性亚型的单一最强大的单一治疗干预措施。在过去十年中，放射肿瘤学实践取得了重大进展，这使得现代治疗更安全、更适形。尽管这种复杂性和证据支持RT继续发挥作用，但大量数据表明利用率正在下降。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了RT的基本原理在 4 种常见情况下：有限期侵袭性 NHL 的联合治疗、晚期侵袭性 NHL 的巩固治疗，以及在细胞疗法等新领域的时代，挽救性放疗对复发/难治性 NHL 的作用不断变化。我们还评估了当前治疗惰性组织学的策略。我们总结了血液系统恶性肿瘤放疗如何继续发展的观点。