Industrial process monitoring is an important field of research where different chemical processes are monitored and controlled. In this work, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to analyze antisolvent based crystallization of sucrose solutions. The impedance and phase spectra were recorded for four known sucrose concentrations in water, and for each case, four predetermined amounts of ethanol were added. As a result, sixteen different solutions involving sucrose solutions of different concentrations and ethanol to water ratios were analyzed. Significant differences were observed in the magnitude and phase spectra of the solutions in the frequency range of 50 kHz to 300 kHz. The experimentally obtained data from the EIS were converted into frequency response models. Three continuous-time transfer function models of the first-order, second-order, and a second-order with a zero were estimated and compared. In addition, a 2-D electrical resistance tomography (ERT) system with a low conductivity sensor unit was designed and tested with demineralized water, tap water and industrial food grade saturated sucrose solution. Non-conducting phantom and sugar crystals were observed within the saturated sucrose solution using the Bayesian reconstruction algorithm. These demonstrations have the potential to be developed into a multi-frequency ERT systems for monitoring the distribution of the crystals in the reactor. The EIS modality can be a complementary process analytical technology (PAT) tool indicating supersaturation status and provide quality assurance.

中文翻译：

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低阻抗溶液中基于反溶剂的结晶过程监控，使用电阻谱和二维电阻层析成像

工业过程监控是重要的研究领域，其中对不同的化学过程进行监控。在这项工作中，电阻抗光谱法（EIS）用于分析基于反溶剂的蔗糖溶液的结晶。记录了水中四个已知蔗糖浓度的阻抗和相谱，并针对每种情况添加了四个预定量的乙醇。结果，分析了十六种不同的溶液，包括不同浓度的蔗糖溶液以及乙醇与水的比例。在50 kHz至300 kHz的频率范围内，溶液的幅度和相位谱存在明显差异。从EIS获得的实验数据转换为频率响应模型。一阶的三个连续时间传递函数模型，估计并比较二阶和零的二阶。此外，还设计了带有低电导率传感器单元的二维电阻层析成像（ERT）系统，并用去离子水，自来水和工业食品级饱和蔗糖溶液进行了测试。使用贝叶斯重建算法，在饱和蔗糖溶液中观察到不导电的幻像和糖晶体。这些示范有可能被开发成用于监测反应堆中晶体分布的多频ERT系统。EIS模式可以是指示过饱和状态并提供质量保证的补充过程分析技术（PAT）工具。设计了带有低电导率传感器单元的二维电阻层析成像（ERT）系统，并用去离子水，自来水和工业食品级饱和蔗糖溶液进行了测试。使用贝叶斯重建算法，在饱和蔗糖溶液中观察到不导电的幻像和糖晶体。这些演示有可能被开发成用于监测反应堆中晶体分布的多频ERT系统。EIS模式可以是指示过饱和状态并提供质量保证的补充过程分析技术（PAT）工具。设计了带有低电导率传感器单元的二维电阻层析成像（ERT）系统，并用去离子水，自来水和工业食品级饱和蔗糖溶液进行了测试。使用贝叶斯重建算法，在饱和蔗糖溶液中观察到不导电的幻像和糖晶体。这些示范有可能被开发成用于监测反应堆中晶体分布的多频ERT系统。EIS模式可以是指示过饱和状态并提供质量保证的补充过程分析技术（PAT）工具。使用贝叶斯重建算法，在饱和蔗糖溶液中观察到不导电的幻像和糖晶体。这些示范有可能被开发成用于监测反应堆中晶体分布的多频ERT系统。EIS模式可以是指示过饱和状态并提供质量保证的补充过程分析技术（PAT）工具。使用贝叶斯重建算法，在饱和蔗糖溶液中观察到不导电的幻像和糖晶体。这些示范有可能被开发成用于监测反应堆中晶体分布的多频ERT系统。EIS模式可以是指示过饱和状态并提供质量保证的补充过程分析技术（PAT）工具。