Background: Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders are the most frequent complaints among instrumental musicians. The aims of this study were: to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain; to evaluate neck, shoulder, and lower back disability; and to determine the associated factors with the presence of musculoskeletal pain among musicians. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. We selected Spaniard musicians over 16 years old who played a musical instrument for at least five hours per week. They answered the Spanish versions of the Standardised Nordic Questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Index, Neck Disability Index and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Results: We found 94.8% of musicians presented at least one symptomatic region in the last 12 months, and 72.3% in the last seven days. Female musicians (OR 4.38, CI 2.11−9.12), musicians with overweight or obesity (OR 5.32, CI 2.18−12.97), and musicians who play more than 14 h per week (OR 3.86, CI 1.80−8.29)were shown to be a higher risk of suffering musculoskeletal pain. Conclusions: Musculoskeletal disorders symptoms are highly prevalent in musicians. The main risk factors related to musculoskeletal disorders symptoms were gender (being female), overweight, obesity, and spending playing more than 14 h a week practicing. This study highlights the need to provide strategies to prevent occupational disabilities among musicians. Further studies are needed to analyse the prevalence of pain in the musician using other sampling methods.

中文翻译：

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音乐家中演奏相关肌肉骨骼疼痛的患病率、残疾和相关因素：一项基于人群的横断面描述性研究。


背景：与演奏相关的肌肉骨骼疾病是器乐音乐家中最常见的主诉。本研究的目的是：评估肌肉骨骼疼痛的患病率；评估颈部、肩部和下背部的残疾；并确定音乐家中存在肌肉骨骼疼痛的相关因素。方法：进行了一项基于人群的横断面描述性研究。我们选择了 16 岁以上的西班牙音乐家，每周演奏乐器至少 5 个小时。他们回答了西班牙语版本的标准化北欧问卷、Oswestry 残疾指数、颈部残疾指数以及肩部疼痛和残疾指数。结果：我们发现 94.8% 的音乐家在过去 12 个月内至少出现一个区域的症状，72.3% 在过去 7 天内出现过。女性音乐家（OR 4.38，CI 2.11−9.12）、超重或肥胖的音乐家（OR 5.32，CI 2.18−12.97）以及每周演奏超过 14 小时的音乐家（OR 3.86，CI 1.80−8.29）被证明是遭受肌肉骨骼疼痛的风险更高。结论：肌肉骨骼疾病症状在音乐家中非常普遍。与肌肉骨骼疾病症状相关的主要危险因素是性别（女性）、超重、肥胖以及每周练习时间超过 14 个小时。这项研究强调需要提供预防音乐家职业残疾的策略。需要进一步研究使用其他采样方法来分析音乐家疼痛的患病率。