Venous anomalies of the jugular vein are uncommon in the horse. Jugular venous aneurysms (congenital or pseudoaneurysm) in horses usually present as a compressible asymptomatic cervical mass enlarging on manual congestion of the jugular vein. They can be classified into primary (congenital) and acquired lesions. Primary venous aneurysms are true venous aneurysms because in these lesions the venous wall is intact, whereas false or pseudoaneurysm has a disruption of the inner layers of the venous wall. Two types of jugular vein aneurysm can be identified, fusiform or saccular, the former being the most common in people. Doppler ultrasound imaging confirms the diagnosis. Surgical treatment, aneurysmectomy with venorraphy or venoplasty is indicated in case of progressive aneurysmal expansion. This clinical commentary describes a 4-month-old foal presented with a primary aneurysm of the right jugular vein in the midcervial region. Treatment consisted of partial aneurysmectomy and venorraphy. Four years later, the horse had a patent jugular vein with a normal diameter and was trained without clinical signs of venous distension.

中文翻译：

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马颈静脉的静脉瘤

颈静脉异常在马身上并不常见。马的颈静脉瘤（先天性或假性动脉瘤）通常表现为可压缩的无症状颈部肿块，因颈静​​脉充血而扩大。它们可分为原发性（先天性）和获得性病变。原发性静脉瘤是真正的静脉瘤，因为在这些病变中，静脉壁是完整的，而假性或假性动脉瘤则破坏了静脉壁的内层。可以识别两种类型的颈静脉瘤，梭形或囊状，前者在人群中最常见。多普勒超声成像证实了诊断。在进行性动脉瘤扩张的情况下，需要手术治疗、动脉瘤切除术和静脉成形术或静脉成形术。这篇临床评论描述了一只 4 个月大的小马驹，在宫颈中部区域出现了右颈静脉的原发性动脉瘤。治疗包括部分动脉瘤切除术和静脉造影术。四年后，这匹马的颈静脉通畅，直径正常，经过训练后没有出现静脉扩张的临床症状。