An energy‐based spherical indentation (ESI) model according to equivalent energy principle is developed to determine the stress–strain relation, tensile strength and hardness of steels. Several parameters in the model are determined with finite element analysis (FEA). For a wide range of homogeneous and isotropic materials in power stress–strain law, a large number of FEA calculations are carried out to verify the ESI model. Results show that both the forward‐predicted load‐depth relations and the reverse‐predicted stress–strain relations from the model agree well with the results from FEA. For 12 steels, the tensile properties, Rockwell and Brinell hardness predicted by the ESI model are close to the standard testing results.

中文翻译：

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通过球形压痕确定钢的拉伸性能和硬度的新模型

根据等效能量原理，建立了基于能量的球形压痕（ESI）模型，以确定钢的应力-应变关系，拉伸强度和硬度。使用有限元分析（FEA）确定模型中的几个参数。对于功率应力-应变定律中的各种均质和各向同性材料，进行了大量的FEA计算以验证ESI模型。结果表明，该模型的正向预测载荷深度关系和反向预测应力-应变关系均与有限元分析的结果吻合良好。对于12种钢，由ESI模型预测的拉伸性能，洛氏硬度和布氏硬度均接近标准测试结果。