Food allergy is a major health problem affecting 5% to 10% of the population in developed nations, including an estimated 32 million Americans. Despite the large number of patients suffering from food allergies, up until the end of January 2020, no treatment for food allergies had been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. The only options were avoidance of food allergen triggers and acute management of allergic reactions. A considerable body of data exists supporting oral immunotherapy (OIT) as a promising, novel treatment option, including that for the now Food and Drug Administration–approved peanut OIT product Palforzia (Aimmune Therapeutics, Brisbane, Calif). However, data for long-term quality-of-life improvement with OIT varies, depending on the measures used for analysis. Like many therapies, OIT is not without potential harms, and burdens, and the evaluation of patient-specific risk-benefit ratio of food OIT produces challenges for clinicians and patients alike, with many unanswered questions. Food Allergy Research & Education organized the Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergy Summit on November 6, 2019, modeled after the PRACTALL sessions between the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology to address these critical issues. Health care providers, patient representatives, researchers, regulators, and food allergy advocates came together to discuss OIT and identify areas of common ground as well as gaps in existing research and areas of uncertainty and disagreement. The purpose of this article was to summarize that discussion and facilitate collaboration among clinicians and patients to help them make better-informed decisions about offering and accepting OIT, respectively, as a therapeutic option.

食物过敏是一个严重的健康问题，影响了发达国家5％至10％的人口，其中包括估计的3200万美国人。尽管有大量的患者患有食物过敏，但直到2020年1月，美国食品药品监督管理局仍未批准任何食物过敏治疗方法。唯一的选择是避免食物过敏原的触发和过敏反应的急性处理。现有大量数据支持口服免疫疗法（OIT）作为一种有前途的新颖治疗选择，包括目前获得食品和药物管理局批准的花生OIT产品Palforzia（Aimmune Therapeutics，布里斯班，加利福尼亚）的数据。但是，OIT可以长期改善生活质量的数据会有所不同，具体取决于用于分析的措施。与许多疗法一样，OIT也并非没有潜在的危害，食品的负担和负担，以及针对患者的食品OIT的特定风险收益比的评估，给临床医生和患者都带来了挑战，还有许多未解决的问题。食物过敏研究与教育组织于2019年11月6日组织了针对食物过敏的口服免疫疗法峰会，该峰会以欧洲过敏和临床免疫学学会与美国过敏，哮喘与免疫学学会之间的PRACTALL会议为蓝本，以解决这些关键问题。卫生保健提供者，患者代表，研究人员，监管人员和食物过敏倡导者齐聚一堂，讨论OIT，确定共同点领域以及现有研究中的差距以及不确定性和分歧的领域。