The goal of this study was to define new oscillation indices of the Atlantic Ocean covering latitudes of both hemispheres, for the period from 1900 until 2014. Indices described sea level atmospheric pressure (SLP) oscillations between neighbouring cells of global atmospheric circulation (northern and southern Hadley, Ferrel and polar cells) and were calculated using two methods: conventional (based on SLP values in selected stations) and extreme values method (counted using maximum or minimum SLP from adequate areas). Twelve time series of new Atlantic Oscillation indices have been obtained—six conventional and six extreme, which have been presented in continuous form and through selection data by seasons: December–February (DJF), and June–August (JJA). The indices’ time series showed similarities in shared maxima and minima moments and long-lasting increasing tendency of five extreme and three conventional indices. There were strong correlations between oscillation indices describing variability in Hadley cells on both hemispheres (conventional 0.593–0.907, extreme 0.088–0.908). A strong correlation occurred between Southern Atlantic and Antarctic South Atlantic Extreme indices (0.668 to 0.979). Overall, stronger connections were found between extreme indices than the conventional ones, and most regularities were found in the Southern Hemisphere oscillations and wintertime indices (DJF for Northern and JJA for Southern Hemisphere). Power spectrum analysis showed major impact of 6- and 12-month periods, as well as less distinct significance of approximately 5.5-year-long interval and its multiples.

这项研究的目的是定义从1900年到2014年期间覆盖两个半球纬度的大西洋的新振荡指数。指标描述了全球大气环流（北部和南部）相邻单元之间的海平面气压（SLP）振荡。使用两种方法来计算Hadley，Ferrel和极地像元：常规方法（基于选定站点中的SLP值）和极值方法（使用足够区域中的最大或最小SLP进行计数）。已经获得了十二个新的大西洋涛动指数的时间序列-六个常规指数和六个极端指数，它们以连续的形式并通过按季节选择的数据进行了显示：12月至2月（DJF）和6月至8月（JJA）。这些指数的时间序列在最大和最小矩共享上具有相似性，并且在五个极端指数和三个常规指数之间呈现长期持续增长的趋势。振荡指数之间的强相关性描述了两个半球Hadley细胞的变异性（传统的0.593–0.907，极端的0.088–0.908）。南大西洋和南极南大西洋极端指数之间有很强的相关性（0.668至0.979）。总体而言，极端指数之间的联系比常规指数更强，并且在南半球振荡和冬季指数中发现了大多数规律性（北半球为DJF，南半球为JJA）。功率谱分析显示了6个月和12个月期间的主要影响，而约5个月的显着性则不太明显。