Molybdenum disulphide (MoS₂) exhibits unique properties that are useful for various biomedical applications. Owing to its distinct characteristics and osteogenic differentiation promotion effect, this material has been studied extensively. However, the effect of cell density on osteogenic differentiation between MoS₂-based biomaterials and cells is still unknown. In this study, we used MoS₂/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite nanofibres as substrates to evaluate the effect of cellular density on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). We created different experimental groups with increasing cell seeding densities and investigated cellular behaviours, biocompatibility, proliferation and osteogenic properties. The results show that MoS₂/PAN composite nanofibres can positively regulate osteogenic differentiation. More importantly, in the presence of standard culture conditions, 1.0 × 10⁴ cells/cm² is the most efficient and suitable cell seeding density for BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Our findings suggest that the optimal cell density for osteogenesis is vital for the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs when these cells are cultured onto MoS₂-based biomaterials.

二硫化钼（MoS ₂）具有独特的特性，可用于各种生物医学应用。由于其独特的特性和促进成骨分化的作用，对该材料进行了广泛的研究。然而，细胞密度对基于MoS ₂的生物材料和细胞之间成骨分化的影响仍然未知。在这项研究中，我们使用了MoS ₂/聚丙烯腈（PAN）复合纳米纤维作为底物，以评估细胞密度对骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）成骨分化的影响。我们创建了不同的实验小组，增加了细胞接种密度，并研究了细胞的行为，生物相容性，增殖和成骨特性。结果表明，MoS ₂ / PAN复合纳米纤维可以正向调节成骨分化。更重要的是，在标准培养条件下，1.0×10 ⁴ 细胞/ cm ²是BMSCs成骨分化最有效，最合适的细胞接种密度。我们的发现表明，当将这些细胞培养到基于MoS ₂的生物材料上时，成骨的最佳细胞密度对于BMSC的成骨分化至关重要。