Fabric anisotropy has a significant influence on the mechanical behavior of sand. An anisotropic plasticity model incorporating fabric evolution is formulated in this study. Information on the overall stress–strain relationship and micromechanical fabric states from DEM numerical tests is used in the development of the constitutive model, overcoming the difficulties of fabric measurement in physical tests. The framework of the model and its formulations for fabric evolution, plasticity, and dilatancy enables it to capture the strength, shear modulus, and dilatancy of sand under both monotonic and cyclic loading. The model is validated against DEM numerical tests and physical laboratory tests on samples with different initial fabric, showing good agreement between the simulation and test results for the anisotropic stress–strain behavior of sand. The use of DEM test data also allows for the validation of the model on the micromechanical fabric level, showing that the model can reproduce the fabric evolution and its influence on key constitutive features reasonably well. The model is further applied to analyze the liquefaction behavior of sand, exhibiting the significant influence of fabric anisotropy on both liquefaction resistance and postliquefaction shear deformation.

织物各向异性对砂的机械性能有重要影响。在这项研究中制定了一个各向异性的可塑性模型，结合了织物的演化。本构模型的开发使用了来自DEM数值测试的有关整体应力-应变关系和微机械织物状态的信息，克服了物理测试中织物测量的困难。该模型的框架及其用于织物演变，可塑性和膨胀性的公式使其能够捕获在单调和循环载荷下沙子的强度，剪切模量和膨胀性。该模型已通过DEM数值测试和物理实验室测试对具有不同初始织物的样品进行了验证，表明模拟和砂土各向异性应力-应变行为的测试结果之间具有很好的一致性。使用DEM测试数据还可以在微机械织物级别上验证模型，这表明该模型可以很好地再现织物的演变及其对关键本构特征的影响。该模型进一步用于分析砂土的液化行为，显示出织物各向异性对液化阻力和液化后剪切变形的显着影响。